budak

Dupaningan Agta

Noun

budak

  1. flower

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay budak (child), probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɗik, *ɗiik, *ɗiək (slave). The sense of slave is reinforced by Javanese ꦧꦸꦝꦏ꧀ (budhak, slave).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bu.dak/, /bu.daʔ/
  • Hyphenation: bu‧dak

Noun

budak (plural para budak, budak-budak, first-person possessive budakku, second-person possessive budakmu, third-person possessive budaknya)

  1. slave
    Synonyms: antek, hamba
  2. (dialectal) child
    Synonym: anak

Usage notes

The word is part of partial false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay budak.

  • The sense of child, which is the meaning in Standard Malay, is used in Indonesian Malay reside, such as Riau, and can be found in regional speech. However, the sense of child is obsolete in national Indonesian.

Derived terms

  • berbudak-budak
  • kebudak-budakan
  • membudak
  • membudakkan
  • memperbudak
  • pembudakan
  • perbudakan

Further reading

Maguindanao

Noun

budak

  1. mythological horse having the head of a human; a beautiful woman with long hair and beautiful wings

Malay

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɗik, *ɗiik, *ɗiək (slave). Sense of "slave" is reinforced by Javanese ꦧꦸꦝꦏ꧀ (budhak, slave).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /budak/
  • Rhymes: -udak, -dak, -ak
  • (Johor-Riau) IPA(key): [budäʔ]
  • Rhymes: -aʔ

Noun

budak (Jawi spelling بودق, plural budak-budak, informal 1st possessive budakku, 2nd possessive budakmu, 3rd possessive budaknya)

  1. (Malaysia, Singapore, Riau, Sumatra) young person; child
    Synonyms: anak, kanak-kanak, bocah
  2. (archaic, mainly in Indonesia) slave
    Synonyms: hamba, abdi

Usage notes

The word is part of partial false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian budak.

Derived terms

  • memperbudakkan

Descendants

  • Indonesian: budak

References

  • Kamus Bahasa Indonesia-Melayu Riau, Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 1997, →ISBN, page 13
  • Kamus Melayu Sumatera Utara-Indonesia, Balai Bahasa Sumatera Utara Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa Republik Indonesia, 2018, →ISBN, page 140
  • Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “بودق boedak”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 63
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “بودق budak”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 127
  • Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “budak”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 158

Further reading

Old Sundanese

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɗik, *ɗiik, *ɗiək (slave).

Noun

budak

  1. young person; child
    Synonyms: anak, putra (male) / putri (female)
    • c. 16th century, Carita Parahiyangan:
      "Rababu leumpang! Ku siya bwatkeun budak éta ka Rahiyangtang Mandiminyak. Anteurkeun patemuan siya Sang Salahtwah!"
      Go, Rababu! Bring that child with you to Rahiyangtang Mandiminyak! Send him your bastard, Sang Salahtwah (the mistake) !

Descendants

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish بوداق (budak).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bûdaːk/
  • Hyphenation: bu‧dak

Noun

bȕdāk m (Cyrillic spelling бу̏да̄к)

  1. pickax, mattock

Declension

References

  • budak” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Sundanese

Etymology

From Old Sundanese budak, probably from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɗik, *ɗiik, *ɗiək (slave). Word and sense related to Malay budak.

Noun

budak

  1. young person; child; kid
    Kunaon éta budak teu indit ka sakola?
    Why didn't that kid go to school?
    Synonym: murangkalih

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish بوداق (budak, shoot in a tree; gnarl), from Proto-Turkic *būtak, a development of *būta- (to cut branches, prune).

Noun

budak (definite accusative budağı, plural budaklar)

  1. (botany) shoot, the emerging stem and embryonic leaves of a new plant
  2. gnarl, a knot in the wood or a protuberance with twisted grain on a tree

Declension

Inflection
Nominative budak
Definite accusative budağı
Singular Plural
Nominative budak budaklar
Definite accusative budağı budakları
Dative budağa budaklara
Locative budakta budaklarda
Ablative budaktan budaklardan
Genitive budağın budakların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular budağım budaklarım
2nd singular budağın budakların
3rd singular budağı budakları
1st plural budağımız budaklarımız
2nd plural budağınız budaklarınız
3rd plural budakları budakları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular budağımı budaklarımı
2nd singular budağını budaklarını
3rd singular budağını budaklarını
1st plural budağımızı budaklarımızı
2nd plural budağınızı budaklarınızı
3rd plural budaklarını budaklarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular budağıma budaklarıma
2nd singular budağına budaklarına
3rd singular budağına budaklarına
1st plural budağımıza budaklarımıza
2nd plural budağınıza budaklarınıza
3rd plural budaklarına budaklarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular budağımda budaklarımda
2nd singular budağında budaklarında
3rd singular budağında budaklarında
1st plural budağımızda budaklarımızda
2nd plural budağınızda budaklarınızda
3rd plural budaklarında budaklarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular budağımdan budaklarımdan
2nd singular budağından budaklarından
3rd singular budağından budaklarından
1st plural budağımızdan budaklarımızdan
2nd plural budağınızdan budaklarınızdan
3rd plural budaklarından budaklarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular budağımın budaklarımın
2nd singular budağının budaklarının
3rd singular budağının budaklarının
1st plural budağımızın budaklarımızın
2nd plural budağınızın budaklarınızın
3rd plural budaklarının budaklarının

Derived terms

Further reading

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