appall

• appal (Commonwealth English)

From Middle English apallen, from Old French apalir (“to grow pale, make pale”); a (Latin ad) + palir (“to grow pale, to make pale”), pâle (“pale”). See pale (adj.) and compare with pall.

• enPR: ə-pôlʹ, IPA^(key): /əˈpɔːl/

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• Rhymes: -ɔːl

appall (third-person singular simple present appalls, present participle appalling, simple past and past participle appalled)

1. (transitive) To fill with horror and/or indignation; to dismay.

   Synonyms: terrify, daunt, frighten, scare, depress, (archaic) affright; see also Thesaurus:frighten

   The evidence put forth at the court appalled most of the jury.

   • 1702–1704, Edward [Hyde, 1st] Earl of Clarendon, “(please specify |book=I to XVI)”, in The History of the Rebellion and Civil Wars in England, Begun in the Year 1641. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed at the Theater, published 1707, →OCLC:

     The house of peers was somewhat appalled at this alarum.

2. (transitive, obsolete) To make pale; to blanch.
   • c. 1527–1542, Thomas Wyatt, “Thanſwere that ye made to me my dere”, in Egerton MS 2711‎, page 63r:

     Thanſwere that ye made to me my dere
     whañ I did ſewe for my poore hartes redreſſe
     hathe ſo apalld my countenaunce […]

3. (transitive, obsolete) To weaken; to reduce in strength
   • 1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “(please specify |book=I to XXXVII)”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], (please specify |tome=1 or 2), London: […] Adam Islip, published 1635, →OCLC:

     wine of it owne nature will not congeale and freeze, onely it will loose the strength, and become appalled in extremitie of cold.

4. (intransitive, obsolete) To grow faint; to become weak; to become dismayed or discouraged.
5. (intransitive, obsolete) To lose flavour or become stale.

• Most British dictionaries consider "appal" the sole standard UK spelling (although, as with other words ending in a single vowel followed by an "l", the "l" is always doubled for derivatives such as "appalling").

• “appall”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

• palpal