adversus

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

Perfect passive participle of advertō (“I turn toward”).

Pronunciation

Participle

adversus (feminine adversa, neuter adversum, superlative adversissimus); first/second-declension participle

  1. set opposite, adverse, having been set against.
    Synonym: dīversus
    Nē Herculēs quidem adversus duōs.
    Not even Hercules fights against two.
  2. turned toward, having been turned toward.
  3. hostile
    Synonyms: āversus, hostīlis, inimīcus, īnfēnsus, īnfestus, oblīquus, dīversus, inīquus
    Antonyms: affābilis, amīcābilis, facilis, benevolēns
    • 98 AD, Publius Cornelius Tacitus, De origine et situ Germanorum, capitulum II:
      …et inmensus ultra utque sic dixerim adversus Oceanus raris ab orbe nostro navibus aditur.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative adversus adversa adversum adversī adversae adversa
Genitive adversī adversae adversī adversōrum adversārum adversōrum
Dative adversō adversō adversīs
Accusative adversum adversam adversum adversōs adversās adversa
Ablative adversō adversā adversō adversīs
Vocative adverse adversa adversum adversī adversae adversa

Preposition

adversus (+ accusative)

  1. facing, opposite
  2. (direction) towards
  3. (hostility) against
  4. in comparison with

Descendants
  • Catalan: advers
  • English: adverse
  • French: adverse, avers
  • Italian: avverso
  • Occitan: advèrs
  • Portuguese: adverso
  • Romanian: advers
  • Spanish: adverso

References
  • “adversus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “adversus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • adversus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • adversus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • misfortune, adversity: res adversae, afflictae, perditae
    • (ambiguous) against the stream; upstream: flumine adverso
    • (ambiguous) to have favourable, contrary, winds: ventis secundis, adversis uti
    • (ambiguous) misfortune, adversity: fortuna adversa
    • (ambiguous) to struggle with adversity: conflictari (cum) adversa fortuna
    • (ambiguous) to attack the enemy in the front: adversis hostibus occurrere
    • (ambiguous) wounds (scars) on the breast: vulnera (cicatrices) adversa (opp. aversa)
    • (ambiguous) wounds (scars) on the breast: vulnera adverso corpore accepta
  • Online Latin dictionary, Olivetti
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