Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/warjamōdā

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; possibly from *warjan (“to defend against”) +‎ *mōd (“mind, sense”)[1] for its alleged mental curative properties, or perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)wer- (“to ache, fester”) due to its bitterness, compare Proto-Celtic *swerwos (“bitter”)[2].

Noun

*warjamōdā f

wormwood
Synonym: *alahsinā

Inflection

ōn-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*warjamōdā
Genitive	*warjamōdōn
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*warjamōdā	*warjamōdōn
Accusative	*warjamōdōn	*warjamōdōn
Genitive	*warjamōdōn	*warjamōdōnō
Dative	*warjamōdōn	warjamōdōm, warjamōdum
Instrumental	*warjamōdōn	warjamōdōm, warjamōdum

Alternative reconstructions

*wermōd m[2]

Descendants

Old English: wermōd, wyrmōd, weremōd, wærmōd, wearmōd m
- Middle English: wermode, wermot, warmot, weremod, wormode, wormote, wormet, wrmod, wurmode, woormood, wermod, wormod; wyrmwode, wormwode, wormewode, wermwod, wormwod, wurmewod
  - English: wormwood (< wormwode)
  - Scots: wormit (< wormet)
  - → Irish: mormónta
Old Saxon: wermōda f
- Middle Low German: wermode, wermede
  - German Low German:
    Low Prussian: Wermutbier
    
    East Frisian Low Saxon: Würmt
    
    Westphalian:
    Dortmunder: Weämaọ̆t, Weärmaọ̆t
    
    Lippisch: Wärmken
    
    Sauerländisch: Wiärmai, Wiermai (Balve), Wiärmaut (Brilon), Wȫrmane (Niedersfeld), Wērmaut (Elspe), Wiärmoi (Kirchhundem), Wirmoi (Selbecke)
    
    Westmünsterländisch: Weermoot
Old Dutch: *wermuoda
- Middle Dutch: wermoed, wermoet, warmôde
  - Dutch: weermoed
Old High German: werimuota, wermuota, wormuota
- Middle High German: wërmuote, wërmuote f or n
  - German: Wermut m or f
  - → French: vermout
    - → English: vermouth
    - → Dutch: vermout

References

Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*warja-mōđō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 449
Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Wermut”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 788

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[1] Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*warja-mōđō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 449

[EWddS-2] Friedrich Kluge (1989) “Wermut”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 788