< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/garāfijō

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Unknown. Possibly related to Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐍂𐌴𐍆𐍄𐍃 (gagrēfts, “decree, edict”),[1] from unattested Proto-Germanic *grēfan (“to command, dictate”) of unknown origin, or perhaps from unattested *garāfan (“to seize”), from Proto-Germanic *ga-rēfaną,[2] from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁p- (“to seize, pluck”) or *h₁rep- (“to rip, snatch, tear, pinch”) +‎ *-jō, related to *rafjaną (“to seize, take”), *rafsijaną (“to reproach, blame”), *rōf (“famous”).

Alternatively and most likely borrowed from Ancient Greek γραφεύς (grapheús, “scribe”) via Medieval Latin graphio, grafio, gravio, -gravius.[3][4]

Noun

*garāfijō m

  1. count (the male ruler of a county)
  2. earl
  3. reeve, bailiff
  4. officer, official

Inflection
Masculine an-stem
Singular
Nominative *garāfijō
Genitive *garāfijini, *garāfijan
Singular Plural
Nominative *garāfijō *garāfijan
Accusative *garāfijan *garāfijan
Genitive *garāfijini, *garāfijan *garāfijanō
Dative *garāfijini, *garāfijan *garāfijum
Instrumental *garāfijini, *garāfijan *garāfijum

Alternative reconstructions
  • *grāfijō

Derived terms
  • Proto-West Germanic: *markagarāfijō
    • Old Saxon: *marcgrāvio
    • Old Dutch: *marcgrāvo
      • Middle Dutch: marcgrâve, marcgrêve
    • Old High German: marcgrāvo, markgrāfo, markgrāfio, marcgrāvio, markgrāvio

Descendants

Further reading
  • von Richthofen, Karl (1840) “greva”, in Altfriesisches Wörterbuch [Old Frisian Dictionary] (in German), Dieterich Göttingen, pages 784-786
  • Hellquist, Elof (1922) “greve”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary]‎ (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, page 200

References
  1. Torp, Alf (1919) “Greive”, in Nynorsk Etymologisk Ordbok, Oslo: H. Aschehoug and Co. (W. Nygaard), page 180
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*magaþi-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 346-347
  3. Wolfgang Pfeifer, editor (1993), “Graf”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Deutschen (in German), 2nd edition, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN
  4. Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “graaf1”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎ (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
  5. Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “grafio”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 472
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