markgraf

markgraf (plural markgrafs)

1. Alternative form of margrave.
   • 1865, Chambers’s Encyclopædia: A Dictionary of Universal Knowledge for the People, volume VII, London: W[illiam] and R[obert] Chambers […], page 631, column 2:

     From this time, P. began to decline; various districts were ceded to the markgrafs of Brandenburg, while many districts began to be colonised by Germans.

   • 1867 January 28 – March 8, Thomas Carlyle, “Appendix. Reminiscences of Sundry.”, in James Anthony Froude, editor, Reminiscences, volume II, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1881, pages 333–334:

     […] he was large-boned, lean, but still firm-knit, tall, and strong-looking when he stood, a right good old steel-gray figure, with rustic simplicity and dignity about him, and a vivacious strength looking through him which might have suited one of those old steel-gray markgrafs whom Henry the Fowler set up to ward the “marches,” and do battle with the intrusive heathen in a stalwart and judicious manner.

   • 1895, Ephraim Emerton, Mediaeval Europe (814–1300), Boston, Mass.: Ginn & Company, […], page 148:

     The future of eastern Europe was in the hands of the markgrafs of Brandenburg and of Austria.

   • 1915, Basil Edward Hammond, “Mediæval Cities: (2) Maritime Cities Possessing Important Territory Outside Their Walls”, in Bodies Politic and Their Governments, Cambridge: at the University Press, page 387:

     But in 1154 the advent of the Kaiser Frederic Barbarossa in Italy so strengthened the markgrafs around Vintimilia that in 1158 the Genoese were expelled from their fortress.