Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yum-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions

*yüm-

Etymology

Akin to Proto-Mongolic *jimüyi (“to close (eyes, mouth)”), Proto-Tungusic *ńim- (“to close (eyes)”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?) See *yạŕ-.

Verb

*yum-

(transitive) to close, to shut (the eyes/mouth)
Antonym: *ač- (“to open”)

Descendants

Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: yımmaq
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: yummaq
  - Ottoman Turkish: یوممق (yummak)
    - Turkish: yummak
    - Gagauz: yummaa
- Turkmen: ýummak
- Salar: yum
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (yüm-)
  - Uzbek: yummoq
  - Uyghur: [script needed] (yummak)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: йомоу (yomow)
  - Tatar: йому (yomu)
- West Kipchak:
  - Kumyk: [script needed] (yum-)
  - Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (jum-)
  - Karaim: [script needed] (yum-)
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: jumi'w
    - Kazakh: жұму (jūmu)
    - Nogai: [script needed] (yum-)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: жумуу (jumuu)
    - Southern Altai: јумар (ǰumar)
Siberian:
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: сим (sim)
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei:
    - Western Yugur: [script needed] (yum-)

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “**jüm- / *jum-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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