< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yōk

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yok
 This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Likely from *yō- (“to destroy”) +‎ *-k, compare *yōd- (“to destroy”) from the same hypothetical root.

Predicative

*yōk

  1. there is not
  2. no

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Middle Chuvash: *śåχ[1]
      • Viryal: ҫок (śok)
      • Anatri: ҫук (śuk)
  • Common Turkic: *yōk
  • Arghu:
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: yox
      • Ottoman Turkish: یوق (yok)
        • Gagauz: yok
        • Turkish: yok (yoğ-)
        • → Macedonian: јок (jok)
        • → Romanian: ioc
        • → Serbo-Croatian:
          Cyrillic script: јок
          Latin script: jok
    • Salar: yox
    • Turkmen: ýōk (ýōg-)
  • Karluk:
  • Kipchak:
    • North Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
    • South Kipchak:
      • Kipchak-Nogai:
        • Karakalpak: joq
        • Kazakh: жоқ (joq)
        • Nogai: йок (yok)
      • Eastern Kipchak:
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic: 𐰖𐰸 (yoq)
      • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (yok)
        • Western Yugur: ǯoq
    • North Siberian:
    • Yenisei Turkic:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tofa: чоӄ (çoq)
      • Tuvan: чок (çok)

References
  1. Agyágasi, Klára (2019) Chuvash Historical Phonetics (Turcologica; 117), Wiesbaden: Harrssowitz, page 205
  2. al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 143
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yo:k”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 895
  • Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation‎, volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 257
  • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “yok”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 205
  • Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Nauka, pages 211-213
  • Tekin, Talât (1995) Mehmet Ölmez, editor, Türk Dillerinde Birincil Uzun Ünlüler [Primary Long Vowels in Turkic Languages]‎ (in Turkish), 1st edition, Ankara: T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı, →ISBN, page 178
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