< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tumšuk

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Clauson derives this lemma from the "causative form" of *tam- (“to drip”), which would yield *tamur-. In another entry (page 509), he gives two reflexes of this would-be causative verb, which would be cognates to this Proto-Turkic term; Old Uyghur [script needed] (kan tomurmakka, “nose bleeding”) and Karakhanid تُمُرْماقْ (tamurmāq, “to bleed (of nose)”), also Karakhanid تَمُرْغانْ (tamurğān, “bleeding continuously (of nose)”).

EDAL, instead, proposes a different root with quite a semantic coverage, Proto-Turkic *tum- ("hat, cap; snout; beak; nose) which is then compared to Proto-Mongolic *tom- (“chief, first”), Proto-Tungusic *tumŋu- (“top of head”) and Proto-Japonic *tum- (“top, head”). Notwithstanding several etymological mistakes (see Japanese 頭(つぶり) (tsuburi), for example, which is claimed as a "cognate"), Altaic Hypothesis is now widely discredited and its comparisons are deemed unreliable.

Noun

*tumšuk

  1. nose
    Synonyms: *burun, *kaŋïr, *tāna
  2. beak

Descendants
  • Oghuz:
    • West Oghuz:
      • Ottoman Turkish: طومشوق (tumşuk, “beak”)
        • Turkish: tumşuk (“beak of large birds”)
    • East Oghuz:
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: [script needed] (tumšuq, “beak”)
      • Uyghur: تۇمشۇق (tumshuq, “beak”)
      • Uzbek: tumshuq (“beak”)
  • Kipchak:
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: томшоҡ (tomşoq, “beak”)
      • Tatar: томшык (tomşıq, “beak”)
    • South Kipchak:
      • Caspian:
      • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
        • Kyrgyz: тумшук (tumşuk, “beak”)
        • Southern Altai: тумчук (tumčuk, “nose, beak”)
  • Siberian:
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (tumšuq, “nose, beak”)
    • North Siberian:
    • South Siberian:
      • Sayan:
      • Northern Altai::
        • Kumandy: тунчук (tunčuk)
        • Kuu-Kizhi: тунчук (tunčuk)
      • Yenisei:
        • Khakas: тумзух (tumzux, “nose”)

References
  • Dybo, Anna Vladimirovna (2013). Этимологический словарь базисной лексики тюркских языков (in Russian). TOO - Prosper Print. p. 412.
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “burun”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 503, 509, 515-16
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*tum-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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