< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ōyna-
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *ōyun (“game”) + *-a.
Verb
*ōyna-
- (intransitive) to play
- (transitive) to play an instrument
- (transitive, intransitive) to play with
Conjugation
Conjugation of *ōyna- (Common Turkic)
Note: Actual conjugations can be more complex than tables below. Compound forms with the auxiliary *er- not shown.
| Positive | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | *ōynamak | |||||||
| participle | present | *ōynagan, ōynagma, ōynar | ||||||
| past | *ōynaduk, ōynamïš | |||||||
| future | *ōynadačï, ōynamakčï, ōynasïk, ōynayačak | |||||||
| verbal noun | *ōynama, ōynag, ōynagu | |||||||
| way of doing | *ōynaš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *ōynar ben | *ōynar sen | *ōynar | *ōynar biz | *ōynar siz | *ōynar | |
| past | simple | *ōynadïm | *ōynadïŋ | *ōynadï | *ōynadïk, ōynadïmïz | *ōynadïŋïz | *ōynadï | |
| inferential | *ōynamïš ben | *ōynamïš sen | *ōynamïš | *ōynamïš biz | *ōynamïš siz | *ōynamïš | ||
| future | simple | *ōynadačï ben, ōynamakčï ben, ōynayačak ben | *ōynadačï sen, ōynamakčï sen, ōynayačak sen | *ōynadačï, ōynamakčï, ōynayačak | *ōynadačï biz, ōynamakčï biz, ōynayačak biz | *ōynadačï siz, ōynamakčï siz, ōynayačak siz | *ōynadačï, ōynamakčï, ōynayačak | |
| predictive | *ōynagay ben | *ōynagay sen | *ōynagay | *ōynagay biz | *ōynagay siz | *ōynagay | ||
| necessitive | *ōynasïkïm | *ōynasïkïŋ | *ōynasïk | *ōynasïkïmïz | *ōynasïkïŋïz | *ōynasïk | ||
| conditional | *ōynasam, ōynasar ben | *ōynasaŋ, ōynasar sen | *ōynasa, ōynasar | *ōynasak, ōynasamïz, ōynasar biz | *ōynasaŋïz, ōynasar siz | *ōynasalar, ōynasar | ||
| optative | *ōynagay ben | *ōynagay sen | *ōynagay | *ōynagay biz | *ōynagay siz | *ōynagay | ||
| progressive | *ōynamakda ben | *ōynamakda sen | *ōynamakda | *ōynamakda biz | *ōynamakda siz | *ōynamakda | ||
| necessitative | *ōynamalïg ben | *ōynamalïg sen | *ōynamalïg | *ōynamalïg biz | *ōynamalïg siz | *ōynamalïg | ||
| imperative | *ōynayayïn | *ōyna, ōynagïl | *ōynazun | *ōynayalïm | *ōynayïŋ | *ōynazun | ||
| Negative | ||||||||
| infinitive | *ōynamamak | |||||||
| participle | present | *ōynamagan, ōynamagma, ōynamaz | ||||||
| past | *ōynamaduk, ōynamamïš | |||||||
| future | *ōynamačï, ōynamasïk, ōynamayačak | |||||||
| verbal noun | *ōynamama, ōynamag, ōynamagu | |||||||
| way of doing | *ōynamaš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | aorist | *ōynamaz ben | *ōynamaz sen | *ōynamaz | *ōynamaz biz | *ōynamaz siz | *ōynamaz | |
| past | simple | *ōynamadïm | *ōynamadïŋ | *ōynamadï | *ōynamadïk, ōynamadïmïz | *ōynamadïŋïz | *ōynamadï | |
| inferential | *ōynamamïš ben | *ōynamamïš sen | *ōynamamïš | *ōynamamïš biz | *ōynamamïš siz | *ōynamamïš | ||
| future | simple | *ōynamačï ben, ōynamayačak ben | *ōynamačï sen, ōynamayačak sen | *ōynamačï, ōynamayačak | *ōynamačï biz, ōynamayačak biz | *ōynamačï siz, ōynamayačak siz | *ōynamačï, ōynamayačak | |
| predictive | *ōynamagay ben | *ōynamagay sen | *ōynamagay | *ōynamagay biz | *ōynamagay siz | *ōynamagay | ||
| necessitive | *ōynamasïkïm | *ōynamasïkïŋ | *ōynamasïk | *ōynamasïkïmïz | *ōynamasïkïŋïz | *ōynamasïk | ||
| conditional | *ōynamasam, ōynamasar ben | *ōynamasaŋ, ōynamasar sen | *ōynamasa, ōynamasar | *ōynamasak, ōynamasamïz, ōynamasar biz | *ōynamasaŋïz, ōynamasar siz | *ōynamasalar, ōynamasar | ||
| optative | *ōynamagay ben | *ōynamagay sen | *ōynamagay | *ōynamagay biz | *ōynamagay siz | *ōynamagay | ||
| progressive | *ōynamamakda ben | *ōynamamakda sen | *ōynamamakda | *ōynamamakda biz | *ōynamamakda siz | *ōynamamakda | ||
| necessitative | *ōynamamalïg ben | *ōynamamalïg sen | *ōynamamalïg | *ōynamamalïg biz | *ōynamamalïg siz | *ōynamamalïg | ||
| imperative | *ōynamayayïn | *ōynama, ōynamagïl | *ōynamazun | *ōynamayalïm | *ōynamayïŋ | *ōynamazun | ||
References
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “oyna:-”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 275
- Tekin, Talât (1995) “ōyun”, in Türk Dillerinde Birincil Uzun Ünlüler [Primary Long Vowels in Turkic Languages] (Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları Dizisi; 13), Ankara: T.C. Kültür Bakanlığı, →ISBN, page 177
- Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 436
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 359
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*oj-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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