< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/eg-

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstruction
  • *eŋ-

Etymology

Whether the original form should be reconstructed as with *-ŋ or with *-g is a matter of debate. Consensus is that *eŋ- and *eg- are different realizations of the same root. Róna-Tas argues that *eŋ- is not a 'variant' of *eg- and is, infact, the older form. He also posits that both lemmas descend from *äŋV- (where *V stands for an uncertain vowel).[1]

Verb

*eg-

  1. (transitive) to bend, to bow
    Synonyms: *aŋït-, *bük-

Derived Terms
  • *egtü (“curved knife”)
  • *egen (“back, spur”)
  • *eyegü (“ribcage, rib, aliethmoids”)
  • *eŋse (“nape, back of neck”)
  • (?) *ẹ̄ke- (“file, curved tool”)

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • West Old Turkic: *äŋ-
      • → Hungarian: enged
    • Chuvash: ав (av)
  • Common Turkic:
  • Arghu:
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: əymək
      • Ottoman Turkish: اگمك (eğmek)
    • Turkmen: egmek
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: [script needed] (egmek)
      • Uzbek: egmoq
  • Kipchak:
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: эйеү (eyew)
    • West Kipchak:
      • ⇒ Crimean Tatar: egilmek (“to bow down”)
      • Karachay-Balkar: иег (iyeg)
    • South Kipchak:
      • Caspian:
        • Kazakh: ию (iü)
        • Nogai: июв (iyuv)
      • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic: 𐰏 (eg-, “to bow, to encircle”), [script needed] (eŋ-, “to bend”), 𐰏𐰼 (egir-, “to spin, to encircle, to wind”)
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (eŋ-it-, “to bend, curven”), [script needed] (eg-, “to bend”), [script needed] (eng-, “to bend”), [script needed] (egip-, “to bend”), ’nkyr (eŋir-, “to spin”)
    • North Siberian:
      • Yakut: иэх (ieq)
      • Dolgan: иэҕ (ieɣ-)
    • South Siberian:
    • → Mongolian: ээрэх (eerex, “to spin thread”)

References
  1. Róna-Tas, András, Berta, Árpád, Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 319-320
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “eg-, eŋ-”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 99-100, 106, 109, 118, 179
  • Eren, Hasan (1999) “eğdi, eğe¹, eğe², eğiç, eğin”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, pages 129-131
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) “*ǟg-, ǟgür”, in Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, pages 37-38
  • Róna-Tas, András, Berta, Árpád, Károly, László (2011) “enged”, in West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 317-320
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*eg-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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