< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/agsak

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *agsa- (“to hobble, limp”) +‎ *-k.

Adjective

*agsak

  1. lame

Declension
Declension of *agsak
Singular 3)
Nominative *agsak
Accusative *agsaknï, *agsakïg 4), *agsaknïg 1)
Genitive *agsaknïŋ
Dative *agsakka
Locative *agsakda
Ablative *agsakdan
Allative *agsakgaru
Instrumental 2) *agsakïn
Equative 2) *agsakča
Similative 2) *agsaklayu
Comitative 2) *agsaklïgu
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Chuvash: уксах (uksah)
  • Common Turkic:
  • Oghuz:
    • West Oghuz:
      • Old Anatolian Turkish:
        • Azerbaijani: axsaq
        • Ottoman Turkish: آغساق (aksak)
    • East Oghuz:
      • Turkmen: agsak
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: اَخْساقْ (axsāq)
      • Uyghur: ئاخساق (axsaq), ئاسقاق (asqaq)
      • Uzbek: oqsoq
  • Kipchak:
    • North Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: aqsaq
      • Karachay-Balkar: акъсакъ (aqsaq)
      • Kumyk: акъсакъ (aqsaq)
    • South Kipchak:
      • Karakalpak: [script needed] (suwıq)
      • Kazakh: ақсақ (aqsaq)
    • East Kipchak:
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic:
      • Old Uyghur: ʾʾqsʾq (aɣsaq/aqsaq/axsaq)

References
  • al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “axsa:k”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 95
  • Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, page 76
  • Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “aksak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 9
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*agsa-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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