< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-sa

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic
preceding vowel
A / Ï / O / U E / I / Ö / Ü
*-sa *-se

Alternative reconstructions
  • *-sar

Suffix 1

*-sa

  1. Suffix creating verbal adverb.
    ‎*seb- (“to love”) + ‎*-sa → ‎*sebse (“with loving.”)
  2. if
    ‎*bar- (“to go”) + ‎*-sa → ‎*barsa (“if he/she/it goes.”)
  • *-gan (verbal adjective)
  • *-si (third person possessive case)
  • *-ni (accusative case)
  • *-ür (positive present tense)

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • Bulgar: سَ- (-sa) (verbal adverb)
      • Chuvash: -са (-sa), -се (-se) (verbal adverb); -сассӑн (-sassăn), -сессӗн (-sessĕn), -сан (-san), -сен (-sen) (if)
  • Common Turkic:
  • Arghu:
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: -sə, -sa
      • Ottoman Turkish:
    • Turkmen: -se, -sa
    • Salar:
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid:
      • Chagatai:
        • Uzbek: -sa
        • Uyghur:
  • Kipchak:
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar:
      • Kumyk: -са (-sa), -се (-se)
      • Karachay-Balkar:
      • Karaim:
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: -һа (-ha), -һә (-hə)
      • Tatar: -са (-sa), -сә (-sä)
    • East Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: -са (-sa), -се (-se), -со (-so), -сө (-sö)
      • Southern Altai: -са (-sa), -се (-se), -со (-so), -сӧ (-sö), -за (-za), -зе (-ze), -зо (-zo), -зӧ (-zö)
    • South Kipchak:
      • Kazakh: -са (-sa), -се (-se)
      • Nogai:
      • Karakalpak:
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic: [script needed] (-sar)
      • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (-sar)
        • Western Yugur: [script needed] (-sa)[2]
    • North Siberian:
      • Yakut: -тар (-tar), -тэр (-ter), -тор (-tor), -төр (-tör); -дар (-dar), -дэр (-der), -дор (-dor), -дөр (-dör); -лар (-lar), -лэр (-ler), -лор (-lor), -лөр (-lör); -нар (-nar), -нэр (-ner), -нор (-nor), -нөр (-nör)
      • Dolgan:
    • South Siberian:
      • Sayan:
        • Tuvan: -за (-za), -зе (-ze)
        • Tofa:
      • Yenisei:
        • Shor:
        • Khakas:

Suffix 2

*-sa

  1. Suffix creating desirdative verbs from nouns.
    ‎*sub (“water”) + ‎*-sa → ‎*subsa- (“to become thirsty, thirst”)

Derived terms
Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-sa

References
  1. Bosnalı, Sonel. (2010). "Halaççanın Yitim ve Değişim Sürecine Tasarlama Kipleri Açısından Bir Bakış". Bilig, 53, page 77.
  2. Ayazlı, Özlem. (2019). "Eski Türk Yazıtlarında Geçen Yer-Yön Adlarının Sarı Uygurcadaki Durumu". International Journal of Old Uyghur Studies, Sivas Turkey, 1(2), 211-232.
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