< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stǫpenь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From the same root as *stǫpiti (“to step, tread”). Sorbian forms might instead be derived from Proto-Slavic *stǫpьnь and therefore be cognate to dialectal Russian сту́пень (stúpenʹ, “type of footwear”).

Noun

*stǫpenь m or f

  1. rung, stair, step
    Synonym: *ščeblь

Inflection
Declension of *stǫpenь (i-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *stǫpenь *stǫpeni *stǫpenьje, *stǫpeňe*
genitive *stǫpeni *stǫpenьju, *stǫpeňu* *stǫpenьjь, *stǫpeni*
dative *stǫpeni *stǫpenьma *stǫpenьmъ
accusative *stǫpenь *stǫpeni *stǫpeni
instrumental *stǫpenьmь *stǫpenьma *stǫpenьmi
locative *stǫpeni *stǫpenьju, *stǫpeňu* *stǫpenьxъ
vocative *stǫpeni *stǫpeni *stǫpenьje, *stǫpeňe*
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Declension of *stǫpenь (i-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *stǫpenь *stǫpeni *stǫpeni
genitive *stǫpeni *stǫpenьju, *stǫpeňu* *stǫpenьjь, *stǫpeni*
dative *stǫpeni *stǫpenьma *stǫpenьmъ
accusative *stǫpenь *stǫpeni *stǫpeni
instrumental *stǫpenьjǫ, *stǫpeňǫ* *stǫpenьma *stǫpenьmi
locative *stǫpeni *stǫpenьju, *stǫpeňu* *stǫpenьxъ
vocative *stǫpeni *stǫpeni *stǫpeni
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
noun
  • *stepenь

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: ступе́нь (stupjénʹ)
    • Russian: ступе́нь (stupénʹ)
    • Ukrainian: сту́пінь (stúpinʹ)
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: стъ́пен (stǎ́pen)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: сту̑пањ
      Latin script: stȗpanj
    • Slovene: stȯ́pənj (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Czech: stupeň
    • Slovak: stupeň
    • Sorbian:
      Lower Sorbian: stuṕeń (“felt boot”)
      Upper Sorbian: stupjeń (“felt boot”)

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ступе́нь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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