< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/raziti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Continues Proto-Indo-European *wroh₁ǵéyeti or formed as *razъ (“stroke, unit of time, mark”) +‎ *-iti, from Proto-Indo-European *wreh₁ǵ-. Often prefixed with various prepositions.

Verb

*razi̋ti or *ra̋ziti impf[1][2]

  1. to pound, to smite
  2. to astound

Conjugation
Conjugation of *raziti, *razi, *razitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*raženьje *raziti *razitъ *razilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *raženъ *razimъ
Active *ražь *razę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *razixъ*razi*razi *ražǫ*raziši*razitь
Dual *razixově*razista*raziste *razivě*razita*razite
Plural *razixomъ*raziste*razišę *razimъ*razite*razętь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *ražaaxъ*ražaaše*ražaaše —*razi*razi
Dual *ražaaxově*ražaašeta*ražaašete *razivě*razita—
Plural *ražaaxomъ*ražaašete*ražaaxǫ *razimъ*razite—
    Notes:
  • (*)*razivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Derived terms
  • *razъ (“tact, dash, stroke”)
  • *otъraziti (“to reflect, to bounce”)
  • *poraziti (“to strike, to hit”)
  • *jьzraziti (“to express”)
  • *vъzraziti (“to object”)
  • *orzraziti (“to smash, to spread (for threat, infection)”)
  • *sъraziti (“to defeat”)
  • *zaraziti (“to infect”)
  • *obraziti (“to form”)
    • *vъnobraziti (“to imagine”)
    • *sъnobraziti (“to consider, to respect (an opinion, order)”)
    • *jьzobraziti (“to depict”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: разити (raziti)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: -разити (-raziti)
    • Bulgarian: -разя́ (-razjá)
    • Macedonian: -рази (-razi)
    • ⇒ Serbo-Croatian:
      • Cyrillic script: порáзити
      • Latin script: poráziti
    • Slovene: ráziti
  • West Slavic:

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “разить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “възразявам, възразя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 204
  • Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “поразявам, поразя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 528

References
  1. Snoj, Marko (2016) “ráziti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*ra̋ziti (in *razi̋ti)”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “raziti: razjǫ razitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c slå (PR 140)”
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