< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kušati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Iterative of *kusiti (“to probe, to trail”) +‎ *-jati, of Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews- (“to test, try”). In Slavic languages where *ǫ > *u, *kušati has merged with native *kǫšati (“to bite off”) (from *kǫsъ (“bite”)).

Verb

*kùšati impf (perfective *kusnǫti)[1]

  1. to degustate
  2. to offer a meal, to feed
    → (reflexive) (+ *sę) to have a meal, to eat

Conjugation
Conjugation of *kušati, *kuša, *kušajetь (impf., -ě-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ěti
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*kušanьje *kušati *kušatъ *kušalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *kušanъ *kušajemъ
Active *kušavъ *kušaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *kušaxъ*kuša*kuša *kušajǫ*kušaješi*kušajetь
Dual *kušaxově*kušasta*kušaste *kušajevě*kušajeta*kušajete
Plural *kušaxomъ*kušaste*kušašę *kušajemъ*kušajete*kušajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *kušaaxъ*kušaaše*kušaaše —*kušaji*kušaji
Dual *kušaaxově*kušaašeta*kušaašete *kušajivě*kušajita—
Plural *kušaaxomъ*kušaašete*kušaaxǫ *kušajimъ*kušajite—
  • *kusiti (“to probe, to trail”)
  • *kušenьje (“probing, temptation”)
  • *kusъ (“probe, taste”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: кушати (kušati)
  • South Slavic:
    • ⇒ Old Church Slavonic: въкоушати (vŭkušati)
    • Bulgarian: ку́шам (kúšam) (dialectal)
    • Macedonian: куша (kuša, “to babble”)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: ку̏шати
      Latin script: kȕšati
    • Slovene: kúšati
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: kušat
    • Old Polish: kuszać

References
  1. Olander, Thomas (2001) “kušati: kušajǫ kušajetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a smage (PR 123, 133)”

Further reading
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kušati (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 138
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кушать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1989), “кушати”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volumes 3 (Кора – М), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 169
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “кушам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 174
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