< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krivъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kréiwas, from Proto-Indo-European *kreywos. Cognate with Latvian krievs, Lithuanian kreivas, krivis, Latin curvus (from zero-grade) and indirectly Latvian krails, Old Irish cruind, and Ancient Greek κορωνός (korōnós).
Inflection
Accent paradigm c.
Indefinite declension of *krivъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *krivъ | *kriva | *krivo |
| genitive | *kriva | *krivy | *kriva |
| dative | *krivu | *krivě | *krivu |
| accusative | *krivъ | *krivǫ | *krivo |
| instrumental | *krivomь | *krivojǫ | *krivomь |
| locative | *krivě | *krivě | *krivě |
| vocative | *krive | *krivo | *krivo |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *kriva | *krivě | *krivě |
| genitive | *krivu | *krivu | *krivu |
| dative | *krivoma | *krivama | *krivoma |
| accusative | *kriva | *krivě | *krivě |
| instrumental | *krivoma | *krivama | *krivoma |
| locative | *krivu | *krivu | *krivu |
| vocative | *kriva | *krivě | *krivě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *krivi | *krivy | *kriva |
| genitive | *krivъ | *krivъ | *krivъ |
| dative | *krivomъ | *krivamъ | *krivomъ |
| accusative | *krivy | *krivy | *kriva |
| instrumental | *krivy | *krivami | *krivy |
| locative | *krivěxъ | *krivaxъ | *krivěxъ |
| vocative | *krivi | *krivy | *kriva |
Definite declension of *krivъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *krivъjь | *krivaja | *krivoje |
| genitive | *krivajego | *krivyję̇ | *krivajego |
| dative | *krivujemu | *krivěji | *krivujemu |
| accusative | *krivъjь | *krivǫjǫ | *krivoje |
| instrumental | *krivyjimь | *krivǫjǫ | *krivyjimь |
| locative | *krivějemь | *krivěji | *krivějemь |
| vocative | *krivъjь | *krivaja | *krivoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *krivaja | *krivěji | *krivěji |
| genitive | *krivuju | *krivuju | *krivuju |
| dative | *krivyjima | *krivyjima | *krivyjima |
| accusative | *krivaja | *krivěji | *krivěji |
| instrumental | *krivyjima | *krivyjima | *krivyjima |
| locative | *krivuju | *krivuju | *krivuju |
| vocative | *krivaja | *krivěji | *krivěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *kriviji | *krivyję̇ | *krivaja |
| genitive | *krivъjixъ | *krivъjixъ | *krivъjixъ |
| dative | *krivyjimъ | *krivyjimъ | *krivyjimъ |
| accusative | *krivyję̇ | *krivyję̇ | *krivaja |
| instrumental | *krivyjimi | *krivyjimi | *krivyjimi |
| locative | *krivyjixъ | *krivyjixъ | *krivyjixъ |
| vocative | *kriviji | *krivyję̇ | *krivaja |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кривой”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*krivъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 171
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “krivъ kriva krivo”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c skæv, krum (SA 109; PR 138)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016) “krȋv”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*krȋvъ”
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