< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/korsta
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Uncertain. According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *kars- (“to card, scratch”), which is compared to Lithuanian kar̃šti (“to comb (wool or linen)”) (1sg. karšiù, 1sg. past karšiaũ), Latvian kā̀rst (“to comb (wool or linen)”) (1sg. kā̀ršu, 1sg. past kā̀rsu), Sanskrit कषति (káṣati, “to scrape, scratch”), Latin carrō, carriō, carreō, carō, cariō, careō (“to scratch, to comb (wool)”) (the Latin form varies between manuscripts and is uncertain).
Possibly related to Low German harsch (whence English harsh).
Inflection
Declension of *kòrsta (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kòrsta | *kòrstě | *kòrsty |
| genitive | *kòrsty | *kòrstu | *kòrstъ |
| dative | *kòrstě | *kòrstama | *kòrstamъ |
| accusative | *kòrstǫ | *kòrstě | *kòrsty |
| instrumental | *kòrstojǫ, *kòrstǭ** | *kòrstama | *kòrstamī |
| locative | *kòrstě | *kòrstu | *kòrstasъ, *kòrstaxъ* |
| vocative | *kòrsto | *kòrstě | *kòrsty |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *korstiti (“to hack, to shear”)
- *korstavъ (“scabby”)
- *korstavьcь, *korstavica (“cucumber”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: krásta
- Czech: chrásta
- Polish: krosta
- Slovak: chrasta
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian:
- Old Czech: krásta
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “короста”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*korsta”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 93
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “краста”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 719
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kòrsta”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 235: “f. ā (a) ‘scab’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001) “korsta”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016) “krasta”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *kőrsta”
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) “523-33”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 523-33
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