< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kopa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Resultant noun of *kopati (“to dig”) +‎ *-a, cognate with Latvian kaps (“grave”), Lithuanian kãpas (“grave”).

Noun

*kopà f[1][2][3]

  1. heap, pile

Declension
Declension of *kopà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)
singular dual plural
nominative *kopà *kȍpě *kȍpy
genitive *kopý *kopù *kòpъ
dative *kopě̀ *kopàma *kopàmъ
accusative *kȍpǫ *kȍpě *kȍpy
instrumental *kopojǫ́ *kopàma *kopàmi
locative *kȍpě *kopù *kopàsъ, *kopàxъ*
vocative *kopo *kȍpě *kȍpy
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Russian: копа́ (kopá)
    • Ukrainian: копа́ (kopá)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: kopa
    • Kashubian: kòpa
    • Polish: kopa
    • Slovak: kopa
    • Sorbian:
      • Lower Sorbian: kора
      • Upper Sorbian: kора

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “копа́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*kopa”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 11
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “копа”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 607

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kopa”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 232: “f. ā ‘heap, shock’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “kopa kopy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c bunke (PR 138)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “kópa”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*kopa̋”
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