Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьgъla

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

*jьgo (“yoke”) +‎ *-ъla. Compare Latin iugulum.

Noun

*jьgъlà f[1][2]

needle
1. a needle for fastening, as a hairpin or as a part of a tack or yoke of a beast
2. a sewing needle or knitting needle
3. a pointed leaf of a conifer

Inflection

Declension of *jьgъlà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*jьgъlà	*jь̏gъlě	*jь̏gъly
genitive	*jьgъlý	*jьgъlù	*jьgъ̀lъ
dative	*jьgъlě̀	*jьgъlàma	*jьgъlàmъ
accusative	*jь̏gъlǫ	*jь̏gъlě	*jь̏gъly
instrumental	*jьgъlojǫ́	*jьgъlàma	*jьgъlàmi
locative	*jь̏gъlě	*jьgъlù	jьgъlàsъ, jьgъlàxъ^*
vocative	*jьgъlo	*jь̏gъlě	*jь̏gъly

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Derived terms

*jьgъlica

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: игла (igla)
  - Belarusian: ігла́ (ihlá), іго́лка (ihólka)
  - Russian: игла́ (iglá), иго́лка (igólka)
  - Carpathian Rusyn: ігла́ (ihlá)
  - Ukrainian: го́лка (hólka)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: игла (igla)
  - Bulgarian: игла (igla)
  - Macedonian: игла (igla)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Štokavian:
  Cyrillic script: ѝгла
  
  Latin script: ìgla
  
  Čakavian: jàgla
- Slovene: ȋgla, jègla (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Kashubian: jegła
- Old Czech: jehla
  - Czech: jehla
- Polabian: jåglă
- Polish: igła
- Slovak: ihla
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: jehła, johła
  - Lower Sorbian: jegła, jogła, gła

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) “*jьgъlà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 210: “f. ā (c) ‘needle’”
Olander, Thomas (2001) “jьgъla jьgъly”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c nål (PR 138)”

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[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*jьgъlà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 210: “f. ā (c) ‘needle’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “jьgъla jьgъly”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c nål (PR 138)”