Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dernъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*dẽrnъ

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *dʰergʰnós (“sloetree, blackbush”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *dragenā (“blackthorn”) (whence Irish draighean, Welsh draen) and Ancient Greek τέρχνος (térkhnos, “twig, young shoot”).

Noun

*dẽrnъ m[1][2][3]

(originally) thorn bush, blackthorn, thorns
cornel (any tree or shrub of genus European cornel)

Declension

Declension of *dẽrnъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dẽrnъ	*dērnà	*dērnì
genitive	*dērnà	*dērnù	*dẽrnъ
dative	*dērnù	*dērnòma	*dērnòmъ
accusative	*dẽrnъ	*dērnà	*dērnỳ
instrumental	dērnъ̀mь, dērnòmь^*	*dērnòma	*dẽrny
locative	*dērně̀	*dērnù	*dẽrněxъ
vocative	*derne	*dērnà	*dērnì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: дрѣнъ (drěnŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian:
    - Ukrainian: дере́н (derén)
    - → Old Polish: deren
      - Polish: dereń
  - Russian: дёрен (djóren), дерён (derjón)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: дрян (drjan), (dialectal) дрен (dren)
- Macedonian: дрен (dren)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: дрије̑н, дре̏н
  
  Latin script: drijȇn, drȅn
- Slovene: drȅn (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Kashubian: drzòn, dréżòn
- Old Czech: dřien
  - Czech: dřín
- Old Polish: drzon
  - Polish: drzón
- Polabian: dren
- Slovak: drieň
- Slovincian: drzón
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: drěn
  - Lower Sorbian: dŕon

Non-Slavic:
- → Old High German: tyrn, tirnpaumâ, tirnboumâ, dirnbaum, tirnboum, dirnboum
  - Alemannic German: Tierlibaum
  - Bavarian German: Dirndl n or f, Dirndlstrauch m, Dirndlbaum m, Dirnleinbaum m, Dirnlein n, Dirle f, Dirliz f

References

Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1979), “dernъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 3 (davьnъ – dobirati sę), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN, page 44
Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dérnъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 99: “m. o (b) ‘cornel, dogwood’”
Olander, Thomas (2001) “dernъ derna”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b Cornel sherry (NA 111, 142; SA 21)”

Matasović, Ranko (2009) “dragenā”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 104
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дерён”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “дерен”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
Machek, Václav (1968) “dřín”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka českého [Etymological Dictionary of the Czech Language], 2nd edition, Prague: Academia, page 131
Rejzek, Jiří (2001) “dřín”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 1st edition, Voznice: LEDA, →ISBN, page 148
Králik, Ľubor (2016) “drieň”, in Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny [Concise Etymological Dictionary of Slovak] (in Slovak), Bratislava: VEDA; JÚĽŠ SAV, →ISBN, page 134
Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “dereń”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), volume 265
Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “dereń”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego, page 143
Snoj, Marko (2016) “dren”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si
^{The template Template:R:pox:SejDp does not use the parameter(s): 3=1
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Lehr-Spławiński, T., Polański, K. (1962) “dren”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), numbers 1 (A – ďüzd), Wrocław, Warszawa etc.: Ossolineum, page 125
Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дрян¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 440
Schuster-Šewc, Heinz (1978) “drěn”, in Historisch-etymologisches Wörterbuch der ober- und niedersorbischen Sprache [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Upper and Lower Sorbian Language] (in German), numbers 3 (čurać – ewangelski), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, →ISBN, page 168

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[1] Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1979), “dernъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volumes 3 (davьnъ – dobirati sę), Wrocław: Ossolineum, →ISBN, page 44

[2] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dérnъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 99: “m. o (b) ‘cornel, dogwood’”

[3] Olander, Thomas (2001) “dernъ derna”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b Cornel sherry (NA 111, 142; SA 21)”