Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žerdlo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

*žьrdlo

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gerˀtlá, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃-tló-m, from *gʷerh₃- (“to devour, swallow”). Equivalent to *žerti (“to devour, eat (of animals)”) +‎ *-dlo.

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian gerklė̃ (“throat, larynx”), East Lithuanian gérklę.

Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ζέρεθρον (zérethron).

Noun

*žērdlò n

throat, inlet
mouth, gorge
water spring

Inflection

Declension of *žērdlò (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*žērdlò	*žẽrdlě	*žērdlà
genitive	*žērdlà	*žērdlù	*žẽrdlъ
dative	*žērdlù	*žērdlòma	*žērdlòmъ
accusative	*žērdlò	*žẽrdlě	*žērdlà
instrumental	žērdlъ̀mь, žērdlòmь^*	*žērdlòma	*žẽrdly
locative	*žērdlě̀	*žērdlù	*žẽrdlěxъ
vocative	*žērdlò	*žẽrdlě	*žērdlà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: жерело (žerelo)
  - Belarusian: жарало́ (žaraló)
  - Russian: жерло́ (žerló)
  - Ukrainian: джерело́ (džereló)
- Old Novgorodian: жерегло (žereglo)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: жрѣло (žrělo)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰶⱃⱑⰾⱁ (žrělo)
- Bulgarian: жрело́ (žreló), ждрело́ (ždreló)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ждре́ло, ждри́јело
  
  Latin script: ždrélo, ždríjelo
- Slovene: žrélo
West Slavic:
- Kashubian: zdrzódło, rzódło
- Old Czech: žřiedlo
  - Czech: zřídlo
- Old Polish: źródło, jrzódło, rziódło, źrzódło, źrzudło
  - Polish: źródło
  - Silesian: zdrzōdło
- Slovak: žriedlo
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: žŕodło

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 559
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жерело”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “жерло”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 300

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