Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/qaʀəm

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *qaʀəm.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /qaʀəm/

Noun

*qaʀəm

pangolin, scaly anteater

Descendants

Basap–Greater Barito:
- Basap: arem
- East Barito:
  - Northeast:
    - Benuaq: ayapm
    - Paser: ayom
    - Tawoyan: ayem
  - Southeast:
    - Dusun Witu: ayem
    - Ma'anyan: ayem
- Mahakam:
  - Tunjung: ahapm
- West Barito:
  - Kadorih: ahom
  - Ngaju: ahem
Land Dayak:
- Bidayuh–Rejang:
  - Biatah Bidayuh: ūūm
  - Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh: ūhūm
  - Hliboi: uopm
  - Sungkung: ɨɨpm
Kayanic: *ahəm
- Kayan–Murik:
  - Kayan:
    - Bahau: aam
    - Busang Kayan: ham
    - Wahau Kayan: ham
  - Murik–Merap:
    - Ngorek: am
- Segai–Modang:
  - Modang:
    - Mei Lan: ham
    - Long Gelat: ham
    - Woq Helaq: ham
  - Segai:
    - Gaai: ham
    - Kelai: ham
North Borneo:
- Central Sarawak:
  - Melanau–Kajang:
    - Kajang:
      - Kajaman: aam
      - Lahanan: aam
      - Sekapan: aam
    - Melanau:
      - Central Melanau: aam
      - Kanowit: ayem
  - Punan–Müller-Schwaner:
    - Müller-Schwaner (Punan): *aham
      - Aoheng: aham
      - Hovongan: ham
      - Kereho: aham
    - Punan: *ayam
      - Bukat: eam, ayəm
      - Punan Bah-Biau: am
      - Punan Tubu: am
      - Ukit: ayam
- Proto-North Sarawak:
  - Berawan–Lower Baram:
    - Berawan:
      - Batu Belah: am
      - Long Jegan: akem
    - Lower Baram:
      - Kiput: arəm
  - Dayic (Apo Duat):
    - Kelabit: arem
    - Lun Bawang: arem
  - Kenyah: *aham
    - Highland A:
      - Lepoʼ Gah: aam
      - Lepoʼ Laang: aam
      - Lepoʼ Sawa: aam
    - Highland B:
      - Badeng: aam
      - Lepoʼ Tau: aam
    - Lowland:
      - Eastern:
        Umaʼ Pawe: aam
      - Western:
        Lebo' Vo': aam
        
        Penan:
        Eastern Penan: aham
        
        Western Penan: aam