< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/mátsyas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Unknown; possibly borrowed from the BMAC substrate, compare the lack of similarity with Western Indo-European *peysk- (“fish”) and Eastern Indo-European *dʰǵʰu- (“fish”).[1][2] Alternative theories link the term to Proto-Germanic *matiz (“food”).[3]

Noun

*mátsyas m[1][2][4][5]

  1. fish

Declension
masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *mátsyas *mátsyā *mátsyā, -ās(as)
vocative *mátsya *mátsyā *mátsyā, -ās(as)
accusative *mátsyam *mátsyā *mátsyāns
instrumental *mátsyā *mátsyaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām *mátsyāyš
ablative *mátsyāt *mátsyaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām *mátsyaybʰyas
dative *mátsyāy *mátsyaybʰyaH, -ābʰyām *mátsyaybʰyas
genitive *mátsyasya *mátsyayās *mátsyāna(H)m
locative *mátsyay *mátsyayaw *mátsyayšu

Descendants
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *mátsyas
  • Proto-Iranian: *mácyah[5]
    • Central Iranian:
    • Northeastern Iranian:
      • Wakhi: (/⁠mōī⁠/)
        Arabic script: مؤي
        Cyrillic script: мои (moyi)
    • Southeastern Iranian:
      • Ormuri: مائي (māī)
      • Pashto: مشی (məšáy)
    • Northwestern Iranian:
      • Baluchi: ماہیگ (māhīg)
      • Kurdish:
        Northern Kurdish: masî (/⁠māsī⁠/)
        Central Kurdish: ماسی (masî /⁠māsī⁠/)
        Southern Kurdish: ماسی (masî /⁠māsī⁠/)
        Laki: مایی (mayî /⁠māyī⁠/)
      • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
        • Isfahani: مای (māy)
        • Sangisari: مایی (māī)
        • Parthian: (/⁠māsyāg⁠/)
          Manichaean script: 𐫖𐫀𐫘𐫏𐫀𐫃 (mʾsyʾg)
        • Zaza- Gorani:
          • Gurani: ماساۋی (/⁠māsāʋī⁠/)
          • Zazaki: mase (/⁠māsa⁠/)
    • Southwestern Iranian:
      • Middle Persian: (/⁠māhīg⁠/)
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (mʾhyk')
        Manichaean script: 𐫖𐫀𐫍𐫏𐫃 (mʾhyg)
        • Classical Persian: ماهی (māhī)
          Persian: ماهی (mâhi)
          Tajik: моҳӣ (mohī)
        • Lurish:
          Northern Luri: مۏیی (möyi)
  • Proto-Nuristani: *másca
    • Northern Nuristani:
      • Kamkata-viri:
        Kamviri: ṓmaći (< *ā́pa-mascaká)
        Kativiri: maćë́
      • Prasuni: tṓamüsü (?)
    • Southern Nuristani:
      • Ashkun: mṓć
      • Waigali: mëć

References
  1. The template Template:R:iir:Lubotsky:1999 does not use the parameter(s): 
    head=*matsi̯a- m. ʻfishʼ
    Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.    Lubotsky, Alexander (1999) “The Indo-Iranian substratum”, in Early Contacts between Uralic and Indo-European: Linguistic and Archaeological Considerations‎, Helsinki, page 3
  2. Schmitt, Rüdiger (2017–2018) “Chapter XVII: Indo-Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Indo-Iranian, page 1949: “*mátsi̯a- ʻfishʼ”
  3. Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 297-8
  4. Martínez García, Javier, de Vaan, Michiel (2014) Introduction to Avestan (Brill Introductions to Indo-European Languages; 1)‎, Brill, →ISBN, page 32: “*matsia̯- ‘fish’”
  5. Lipp, Reiner (2009) Die indogermanischen und einzelsprachlichen Palatale im Indoiranischen: Neurekonstruktion, Nuristan-Sprachen, Genese der indoarischen Retroflexe, Indoarisch von Mitanni (Indogermanische Bibliothek; 3) (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Winter, page 150
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