< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wéstor

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Athematic Narten root verb of *wes- (“to dress, clothe”).

Verb

*wéstor (imperfective)[1][2]

  1. to be wearing

Inflection
Imperfective, athematic, middle only
3rd singular *wéstor, *wésor
3rd plural *wésror, *wésn̥tor
Middle voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *wésh₂er *wésh₂e — *wésoh₂er *wésih₁h₂e
2nd singular *wésth₂er *wésth₂e *wéso *wéseth₂er *wésih₁th₂e
3rd singular *wéstor, *wésor *wésto, *wéso *? *wésetor *wésih₁to, *wésih₁o
1st dual *wéswosdʰh₂ *wéswedʰh₂ — *wésowosdʰh₂ *wésih₁wedʰh₂
2nd dual *? *? *? *? *?
3rd dual *? *? *? *? *?
1st plural *wésmosdʰh₂ *wésmedʰh₂ — *wésomosdʰh₂ *wésih₁medʰh₂
2nd plural *wésdʰh₂we *wésdʰh₂we *wésdʰh₂we *wésedʰh₂we *wésih₁dʰh₂we
3rd plural *wésror, *wésn̥tor *wésro, *wésn̥to *? *wésoror, *wésontor *wésih₁ro, *wésih₁n̥to
Participle *wésm̥h₁nos

Descendants
  • Anatolian:
    • Hittite: 𒌑𒂊𒌍𒋫 (ú-e-eš-ta) 𒌑𒌍𒋫 (ú-eš-ta, 3.sg.pres.mid.), 𒌑𒂊𒌍𒊭𒀭𒁕 (ú-e-eš-ša-an-da, 2.pl.pres.mid.)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *wéhmai
    • Ancient Greek: εἶμαι (eîmai), ἔσσαι (éssai)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wástay
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wástay
    • Proto-Iranian: *wástay
      • Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬉 (vastē)

References
  1. Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  2. (for the Narten ablaut) Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 133-134
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