< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/mer-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*mer- (perfective)[1][2][3]

  1. to die
  2. to disappear

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mer- (die)‎ (35 c, 0 e)
  • *mér-t ~ *m̥r-ént (root aorist)[4]
  • *mér-ti ~ *mr-énti (root present)[5][6]
    • Proto-Anatolian:
      • Hittite: 𒈨𒅕𒍣 (me-er-zi /⁠merzi⁠/, 3sg.pres.act.) ("to disappear, vanish")[7]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *márti
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *márati
      • Proto-Iranian: *márti
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬨𐬀𐬭- (mar-)
        • Gurani: مەردەی (marday)
        • Khotanese: [script needed] (mär-)
        • Kurdish:
          Northern Kurdish: mirin
          Central Kurdish: مردن (mirdin)
          Southern Kurdish: مردن (mirdin)
          Laki: مردن (mirdin)
        • Old Persian: [Term?] (/⁠mar-⁠/)
          • Middle Persian: [script needed] (myr /⁠mīr-⁠/)
        • Parthian: [Term?] (/⁠myr⁠/)
        • Zazaki: merden
  • *mr̥-yé-tor (ye-present)[8][9]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *mertéi (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mriyátay (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *morjōr (see there for further descendants)
  • *mer-s- (sigmatic aorist)[10]
  • *mor-éye-ti (“to kill”, causative)
  • *mér-ti-s ~ *mr̥-téy-s (“death”)[9][11][12]
  • *mór-o-[13][14]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *marás
      • Lithuanian: mãras
      • Proto-Slavic: *morъ (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Germanic: *marǭ (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mā́ras
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *mā́ras
  • *mr̥-tós (“dead”)
  • *mr̥-t-wós (“dead”)[9]
  • *mr̥-tu- ~ *mr̥-ti-u- ~ *mr̥tro-
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *mr̥tyúš (see there for further descendants)
  • *mŕ̥-trom (instrumental)
    • Proto-Germanic: *murþrą (see there for further descendants)
  • *mr̥-wós (“dead”)[15]
    • Proto-Celtic: *marwos (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations:

Descendants

Root

*mer-

  1. sea, lake, wetland

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mer- (sea)‎ (8 c, 0 e)

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “mer-, merə-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 735
  2. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*mer-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 439-440
  3. Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “*mer-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 488-491
  4. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “mer-zi / mar-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 667-668
  5. Derksen, Rick (2015) “*merti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 308
  6. Derksen, Rick (2015) “mirti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 321
  7. Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “mer-zi / mar-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 577-578
  8. Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  9. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “morior, morī”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 389-390
  10. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 463
  11. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sъmьrtь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, pages 480-481
  12. Derksen, Rick (2015) “mirtis”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 321
  13. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*morь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 326
  14. Derksen, Rick (2015) “maras”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 305
  15. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*marwo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 259
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.