< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ksweybʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ksweybʰ- or *kʷsweybʰ- or *kʷseybʰ-[1][2]

  1. to move swiftly, make a swift movement
  2. to swing, shake, to be swinging
  3. to whip, cast, throw

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ksweybʰ-‎ (3 c, 0 e)
  • *kswéybʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)[3]
    • Proto-Germanic: *swībaną (“to revolve, sway, sweep”)[3] (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšwáypati, *kšwáybʰati
      • Proto-Iranian: *xšwáypati, *xšwáybati (“to vibrate, tremble, shake”)[4] (see there for further descendants)
  • *ksweybʰ-eh₂ye-ti[3]
    • Proto-Slavic: *šibati (“to whip”)[5] (see there for further descendants)
  • *kswip-é-ti (zero-grade thematic root present)[3]
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšwipáti
  • *kswibʰ-néh₂-ti (innovative denominative present)[3]
    • Proto-Germanic: *swippōną (see there for further descendants)
  • *kswoybʰ-éye-ti (*éye-causative)[3]
    • Proto-Germanic: *swaipijaną (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšwaypáyati
  • *kswibʰ-éh₁-ti (*éh₁-stative)
    • Proto-Celtic: *xswibīti (“move, recede”)[6]
      • Middle Irish: scibid
      • Proto-Brythonic: *hwɨβid (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*k⁽u̯⁾su̯ei̯bʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 373
  2. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “kseip-, kseib-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 625
  3. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “swīban-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 500: “*kʷseibʰ-”
  4. Cheung, Johnny (2007) “xšu̯aip/b”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 415: “*(k)su̯eip-”
  5. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*šibati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 487: “*ksu̯eib-”
  6. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*xswib-ī-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 432: “*ksweyb-”
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