< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁edʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology 1

Probably from *h₁é.

Particle

*h₁edʰ-

  1. unknown

Reconstruction notes

*h₁- is due to Winter's law in Balto-Slavic.

Descendants

  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ed-
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *edīˀnas
      • Proto-Slavic: *edìnъ (from *ed + *inъ}}) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *edwāˀs[1][2]
      • Proto-Slavic: *(j)edъva (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic:
    • Old Norse: eitt (neut. sg. of einn)
      • Icelandic: eitt
      • Norwegian Nynorsk: eitt
      • Faroese: eitt
      • Swedish: ett
      • Elfdalian: iett
      • Norwegian Bokmål: et
      • Danish: et
    • Old High German:
      • Old High German: eddeshwaz (cf. Icelandic eitthvað, Old Dutch iowiht)
      • Old High German: ëtalīh
        • Middle High German: ëtelich
      • Middle High German: ettwer, eteswer, etewer, etswer
  • >? Proto-Italic: *ed-
    • Latin: ec- (perhaps from a form that occurs when *ed- is prefixed to a word beginning with letters c/q, cf. how ec- is found in ecce, ecquandō, ecquis)
    • Oscan: ekkum (from earlier *ed-kum?)

Etymology 2

Possibly a substrate borrowing. Or borrowed independently into some branches. The root is rejected by Genaust.

Root

*h₁edʰ-

  1. sharp, pointy

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁edʰ-‎ (1 c, 0 e)
  • *h₁edʰ-l-
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *edlis
      • Proto-Slavic: *edlь (spruce) (see there for further descendants)
      • Lithuanian: ẽglė (spruce)
      • Latvian: egle (spruce, fir)
      • Old Prussian: addle (spruce, fir)
    • Latin: ebulum, ebulus
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Gaulish: odocos (elder)
    • Old High German: attah, attuh (dwarf-elder, danewort)
      • German: Attich
    • Lithuanian: ãdata (needle), adýti (to darn)
    • Latvian: adīt (to knit)

References

  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ed(ъ)và”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 139:BSl. *edvaHs < PIE *h₁edʰ-ueh₂-s
  2. Derksen, Rick (2015) “vos”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 510:BSL *(ed)waʔs

for Etymology 1:

for Etymology 2:

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