Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁edʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology 1

Probably from *h₁é.

Particle

*h₁edʰ-

unknown

Reconstruction notes

*h₁- is due to Winter's law in Balto-Slavic.

Descendants

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ed-
- ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *edīˀnas
  - Proto-Slavic: *edìnъ (from *ed +‎ *inъ}}) (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *edwāˀs[1][2]
  - Proto-Slavic: *(j)edъva (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Germanic:
- Old Norse: eitt (“neut. sg. of einn”)
  - Icelandic: eitt
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: eitt
  - Faroese: eitt
  - Swedish: ett
  - Elfdalian: iett
  - Norwegian Bokmål: et
  - Danish: et
- Old High German:
  - ⇒ Old High German: eddeshwaz (cf. Icelandic eitthvað, Old Dutch iowiht)
    - German: etwas
  - ⇒ Old High German: ëtalīh
    - Middle High German: ëtelich
      - German: etlich
  - ⇒ Middle High German: ettwer, eteswer, etewer, etswer
    - German: etwer
>? Proto-Italic: *ed-
- Latin: ec- (perhaps from a form that occurs when *ed- is prefixed to a word beginning with letters c/q, cf. how ec- is found in ecce, ecquandō, ecquis)
- ⇒ Oscan: ekkum (from earlier *ed-kum?)

Etymology 2

Possibly a substrate borrowing. Or borrowed independently into some branches. The root is rejected by Genaust.

Root

*h₁edʰ-

sharp, pointy

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁edʰ-‎ (1 c, 0 e)

*h₁edʰ-l-
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *edlis
  - Proto-Slavic: *edlь (“spruce”) (see there for further descendants)
  - Lithuanian: ẽglė (“spruce”)
  - Latvian: egle (“spruce, fir”)
  - Old Prussian: addle (“spruce, fir”)
- Latin: ebulum, ebulus
Unsorted formations:
- Gaulish: odocos (“elder”)
- Old High German: attah, attuh (“dwarf-elder, danewort”)
  - German: Attich
- Lithuanian: ãdata (“needle”), adýti (“to darn”)
- Latvian: adīt (“to knit”)

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ed(ъ)và”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 139: “BSl. *edvaHs < PIE *h₁edʰ-ueh₂-s”
Derksen, Rick (2015) “vos”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 510: “BSL *(ed)waʔs”

for Etymology 1:

Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 282
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “едва”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

for Etymology 2:

Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 289

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ed(ъ)và”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 139: “BSl. *edvaHs < PIE *h₁edʰ-ueh₂-s”

[2] Derksen, Rick (2015) “vos”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 510: “BSL *(ed)waʔs”