< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dʰers-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

An *-s- extension of *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).

Root

*dʰers-[1]

  1. to be bold, to dare

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰers-‎ (10 c, 0 e)
  • *dʰr̥s-néw-ti ~ *dʰr̥s-nú-ti (néw-present)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *diršnutei
      • Proto-Slavic: *dьrznǫti (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰr̥šnáwti
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dʰr̥ṣnáwti
      • Proto-Iranian: *dr̥šnáwti
        • Younger Avestan: 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬲𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (upadaržnuuaiṇti)
        • Old Persian: 𐎠𐎭𐎼𐏁𐎴𐎢𐏁 (adaršnauš)
  • *dʰe-dʰórs-e ~ *dʰe-dʰr̥s-ḗr (stative)
  • *dʰr-n̥-s-sḱe-ti (innovated nasal+sḱe-present)
    • Balto-Slavic:
      • Lithuanian: drį̃sti
  • *dʰérs-os
    • Proto-Hellenic: *tʰérsos
      • Ancient Greek: θάρσος (thársos)
        Attic Greek: θάρρος (thárrhos)
        Aeolic Greek: θέρσος (thérsos)
        • Ancient Greek: θαρσέω (tharséō), θαρρέω (tharrhéō)
  • *dʰr̥s-tós
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰr̥štás
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dʰr̥ṣṭás
  • *dʰr̥s-ús[2][3][4]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *diršus
      • Latvian: drùošs, drùoss
      • Lithuanian: drąsùs
      • Old Prussian: dyrsos, dirsos
      • Proto-Slavic: *dьrzъ (“bold”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Hellenic: *tʰrəsús
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dʰr̥šúš
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *dʰr̥ṣúṣ
  • *h₂en-dʰers-
    • Proto-Albanian: *ən-darsa

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dьrzъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 137
  3. Derksen, Rick (2015) “drąsus”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 136-137
  4. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “θάρσος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 534-535
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