धृष्णोति

Sanskrit

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *dʰr̥ṣṇáwti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰr̥šnáwti, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰr̥s-néw-ti, from *dʰers- (“to be bold, dare”). Cognate with Younger Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬲𐬥𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (upadaržnuuaⁱṇti), Ancient Greek θράσος (thrásos, “confidence, boldness, audacity”), Proto-Slavic *dьrznǫti (“to dare”), Old English durran (whence English dare).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /dʱr̩ʂ.ɳɐ́w.ti/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /d̪ʱr̩ʂˈɳoː.t̪i/

Verb

धृष्णोति • (dhṛṣṇóti) third-singular present indicative (root धृष्, class 5, type P)

to be bold or courageous or confident or proud
to dare or venture
to dare to attack, treat with indignity
to surpass
to offend, violate (a woman)
to overpower, overcome

Conjugation

Present: धृष्णोति (dhṛṣṇóti), धृष्णुते (dhṛṣṇuté)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	धृष्णोति dhṛṣṇóti	धृष्णुतः dhṛṣṇutáḥ	धृष्ण्वन्ति dhṛṣṇvánti	धृष्णुते dhṛṣṇuté	धृष्ण्वाते dhṛṣṇvā́te	धृष्ण्वते dhṛṣṇváte
Second	धृष्णोषि dhṛṣṇóṣi	धृष्णुथः dhṛṣṇutháḥ	धृष्णुथ dhṛṣṇuthá	धृष्णुषे dhṛṣṇuṣé	धृष्ण्वाथे dhṛṣṇvā́the	धृष्णुध्वे dhṛṣṇudhvé
First	धृष्णोमि dhṛṣṇómi	धृष्णुवः dhṛṣṇuváḥ	धृष्णुमः dhṛṣṇumáḥ	धृष्ण्वे dhṛṣṇvé	धृष्णुवहे dhṛṣṇuváhe	धृष्णुमहे dhṛṣṇumáhe
Imperative
Third	धृष्णोतु dhṛṣṇótu	धृष्णुताम् dhṛṣṇutā́m	धृष्ण्वन्तु dhṛṣṇvántu	धृष्णुताम् dhṛṣṇutā́m	धृष्ण्वाताम् dhṛṣṇvā́tām	धृष्ण्वताम् dhṛṣṇvátām
Second	धृष्णुहि dhṛṣṇuhí	धृष्णुतम् dhṛṣṇutám	धृष्णुत dhṛṣṇutá	धृष्णुष्व dhṛṣṇuṣvá	धृष्ण्वाथाम् dhṛṣṇvā́thām	धृष्णुध्वम् dhṛṣṇudhvám
First	धृष्णवानि dhṛṣṇávāni	धृष्णवाव dhṛṣṇávāva	धृष्णवाम dhṛṣṇávāma	धृष्णवै dhṛṣṇávai	धृष्णवावहै dhṛṣṇávāvahai	धृष्णवामहै dhṛṣṇávāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	धृष्णुयात् dhṛṣṇuyā́t	धृष्णुयाताम् dhṛṣṇuyā́tām	धृष्णुयुः dhṛṣṇuyúḥ	धृष्ण्वीत dhṛṣṇvītá	धृष्ण्वीयाताम् dhṛṣṇvīyā́tām	धृष्ण्वीरन् dhṛṣṇvīrán
Second	धृष्णुयाः dhṛṣṇuyā́ḥ	धृष्णुयातम् dhṛṣṇuyā́tam	धृष्णुयात dhṛṣṇuyā́ta	धृष्ण्वीथाः dhṛṣṇvīthā́ḥ	धृष्ण्वीयाथाम् dhṛṣṇvīyā́thām	धृष्ण्वीध्वम् dhṛṣṇvīdhvám
First	धृष्णुयाम् dhṛṣṇuyā́m	धृष्णुयाव dhṛṣṇuyā́va	धृष्णुयाम dhṛṣṇuyā́ma	धृष्ण्वीय dhṛṣṇvīyá	धृष्ण्वीवहि dhṛṣṇvīváhi	धृष्ण्वीमहि dhṛṣṇvīmáhi
Participles
	धृष्ण्वत् dhṛṣṇvát			धृष्ण्वान dhṛṣṇvāná

Imperfect: अधृष्नोत् (ádhṛṣnot), अधृष्णुत (ádhṛṣṇuta)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	अधृष्नोत् ádhṛṣnot	अधृष्णुताम् ádhṛṣṇutām	अधृष्णुवन् ádhṛṣṇuvan	अधृष्णुत ádhṛṣṇuta	अधृष्णुवाताम् ádhṛṣṇuvātām	अधृष्णुवत ádhṛṣṇuvata
Second	अधृष्नोः ádhṛṣnoḥ	अधृष्णुतम् ádhṛṣṇutam	अधृष्णुत ádhṛṣṇuta	अधृष्णुथाः ádhṛṣṇuthāḥ	अधृष्णुवाथाम् ádhṛṣṇuvāthām	अधृष्णुध्वम् ádhṛṣṇudhvam
First	अधृष्नवम् ádhṛṣnavam	अधृष्णुव ádhṛṣṇuva	अधृष्णुम ádhṛṣṇuma	अधृष्णुवि ádhṛṣṇuvi	अधृष्णुवहि ádhṛṣṇuvahi	अधृष्णुमहि ádhṛṣṇumahi

References

Monier Williams (1899) “धृष्णोति”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 519.

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