< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tainaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; expected to reflect pre-Germanic *doynos. Kroonen connects *tiną (“tin”).[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈtɑi̯.nɑz/

Noun

*tainaz m

  1. rod
    Synonyms: *furkaz, *galgô, *mastaz, *rōdō, *skaftaz, *spaluz, *spīrǭ, *stauraz
  2. twig
    Synonyms: *telguz, *tōgô, *twīgą
  3. straw
    Synonyms: *halmaz, *strawą
  4. lot
    Synonyms: *hlautaz, *hlutą

Inflection
masculine a-stemDeclension of *tainaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *tainaz *tainōz, *tainōs
vocative *tain *tainōz, *tainōs
accusative *tainą *tainanz
genitive *tainas, *tainis *tainǫ̂
dative *tainai *tainamaz
instrumental *tainō *tainamiz

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *tain
    • Old English: tān
    • Old Frisian: *tēn
      • ⇒ Saterland Frisian: Täinelse (“garden fence woven from willow rods”)
      • West Frisian: tien
    • Old Saxon: tēn
      • Middle Low German: tên
    • Old Dutch: *tēn
      • Middle Dutch: têne
        • Dutch: teen
        • Limburgish: tieën
    • Old High German: zein
  • Old Norse: teinn
    • Icelandic: teinn
    • Faroese: teinur
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: tein; (dialectal) teidn, tæn
      • → Norwegian Bokmål: tein
    • Old Swedish: tēn
    • Danish: ten
      • Norwegian Bokmål: ten
  • Gothic: 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍃 (tains)
  • → Proto-Finnic: *taina (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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