< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sweraną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to ache, fester”). Possibly related to Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬀 (xᵛara, “wound, hurt”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈswe.rɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *sweraną (strong class 4)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *swerō | *sweraų | — | *swerai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *swirizi | *sweraiz | *swer | *swerazai | *sweraizau |
| 3rd singular | *swiridi | *swerai | *sweradau | *sweradai | *sweraidau |
| 1st dual | *swerōz | *sweraiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *sweradiz | *sweraidiz | *sweradiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *sweramaz | *sweraim | — | *swerandai | *sweraindau |
| 2nd plural | *swirid | *sweraid | *swirid | *swerandai | *sweraindau |
| 3rd plural | *swerandi | *swerain | *swerandau | *swerandai | *sweraindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *swar | *swērį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *swart | *swērīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *swar | *swērī | |||
| 1st dual | *swērū | *swērīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *swērudiz | *swērīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *swērum | *swērīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *swērud | *swērīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *swērun | *swērīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *swerandz | *s(w)uranaz | |||
Derived terms
- *swerô
Related terms
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*sweran”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 499
- Seebold, Elmar (1970) “SWER-A-”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica; 85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, page 494
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