Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/luftuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp-, *lewb-, *lewbʰ- (“to peel, break off, damage”), from Proto-Indo-European *lew- (“to cut away, remove, prune”). According to Kroonen (2013, 342), from Proto-Indo-European *lubʰ-tu-. This may be linked to Russian луб (lub, “bast”), Old Prussian lubbo (“bast, plank”) and therefore have an original meaning of "roof".

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈluɸ.tuz/

Noun

*luftuz m

roof
roof of the earth, firmament; heavens, sky
atmosphere
air

Inflection

u-stemDeclension of *luftuz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*luftuz	*luftiwiz
vocative	*luftu	*luftiwiz
accusative	*luftų	*luftunz
genitive	*luftauz	*luftiwǫ̂
dative	*luftiwi	*luftumaz
instrumental	*luftū	*luftumiz

Derived terms

*luftijaną
*luftīnaz

Related terms

*lubją
*luftą

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *luftu, *lufti
- Old English: lyft (< *lufti)
  - Middle English: luft, lift
    - English: lift
    - Scots: luft, lift
- Old Frisian: luft, lufte, *loft
  - Saterland Frisian: Luft
  - West Frisian: loft
- Old Saxon: luft
  - Middle Low German: lucht
    - Low German: lucht, luft, Luft
      - East Frisian Low Saxon: Loft
      - Plautdietsch:
        Volhynian: Lift
    - → Saterland Frisian: Lucht
    - → Faroese: luft, luktur (“smell”)
    - → Norwegian: luft, lukt (“smell”)
    - → Swedish: luft, lukt (“smell”)
    - → Danish: luft, lugt (“smell”)
- Old Dutch: *luft
  - Middle Dutch: lucht, locht
    - Dutch: lucht
      - → West Frisian: lucht
- Old High German: luft; luht (northern)
  - Middle High German: luft; lucht
    - German: Luft
      - → English: luft
      - → Czech: luft
      - → Luxembourgish: Loft
      - → Kashubian: lëft
      - → Polish: luft
      - → Silesian: luft
    - Central Franconian: Luft, Loft, Loff (originally south-eastern); Luucht, Luuch, Luht, Lueht (northern and western, now only for “space”)
      - Hunsrik: Luft
      - Luxembourgish: Luucht, Lut
    - East Central German:
      Lusatian: Luffd
      Vilamovian: łöft
    - Pennsylvania German: Luft
    - Yiddish: לופֿט (luft)
Old Norse: lopt n, loft (< *luftą)
- Icelandic: loft
- Faroese: loft
- Norwegian: loft
- Swedish: loft
- Danish: luft
- → Old English: loft
  - Middle English: lofte
    - Scots: loft, laft
    - English: loft
- → Irish: lochta, lafta, lofta, lota; lochda
Gothic: 𐌻𐌿𐍆𐍄𐌿𐍃 (luftus)

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