< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kaizwijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative reconstructions

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯.zwi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kaizwijaną[1]

  1. to turn
  2. to direct

Inflection
Conjugation of *kaizwijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kaizwijō*kaizwijaų—*kaizwijai ?
2nd singular *kaizwīsi*kaizwijais*kaizwī*kaizwijasai*kaizwijaisau
3rd singular *kaizwīþi*kaizwijai*kaizwijaþau*kaizwijaþai*kaizwijaiþau
1st dual *kaizwijōs*kaizwijaiw———
2nd dual *kaizwijaþiz*kaizwijaiþiz*kaizwijaþiz——
1st plural *kaizwijamaz*kaizwijaim—*kaizwijanþai*kaizwijainþau
2nd plural *kaizwīþ*kaizwijaiþ*kaizwīþ*kaizwijanþai*kaizwijainþau
3rd plural *kaizwijanþi*kaizwijain*kaizwijanþau*kaizwijanþai*kaizwijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kaizwidǭ*kaizwidēdį̄
2nd singular *kaizwidēz*kaizwidēdīz
3rd singular *kaizwidē*kaizwidēdī
1st dual *kaizwidēdū*kaizwidēdīw
2nd dual *kaizwidēdudiz*kaizwidēdīdiz
1st plural *kaizwidēdum*kaizwidēdīm
2nd plural *kaizwidēdud*kaizwidēdīd
3rd plural *kaizwidēdun*kaizwidēdīn
present past
participles *kaizwijandz*kaizwidaz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *kaiʀwijan
    • Old English: cierran
    • Old Saxon: kērian
    • Old Dutch: *kēren
    • Old High German: keren
  • Old Norse: keyra
    • Icelandic: keyra
    • Faroese: koyra
    • Norwegian:
    • Old Swedish: kø̄ra
    • Old Danish: kø̄ræ
    • Elfdalian: tjyöra
    • Gutnish: kåire
    • Scanian: køra
    • → Middle English: cairen, kayren

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kaizwjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 277
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.