< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kīnaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Pre-Germanic *ǵey-n-, originally a nasal-present from Proto-Indo-European *ǵeyH- (“to break open, germinate”). Cognate with Lithuanian žydė́ti (“to flower, bloom”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkiː.nɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *kīnaną (strong class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *kīnō | *kīnaų | — | *kīnai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *kīnizi | *kīnaiz | *kīn | *kīnazai | *kīnaizau |
| 3rd singular | *kīnidi | *kīnai | *kīnadau | *kīnadai | *kīnaidau |
| 1st dual | *kīnōz | *kīnaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *kīnadiz | *kīnaidiz | *kīnadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *kīnamaz | *kīnaim | — | *kīnandai | *kīnaindau |
| 2nd plural | *kīnid | *kīnaid | *kīnid | *kīnandai | *kīnaindau |
| 3rd plural | *kīnandi | *kīnain | *kīnandau | *kīnandai | *kīnaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *kai | *kijį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *kait | *kijīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *kai | *kijī | |||
| 1st dual | *kijū | *kijīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *kijudiz | *kijīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *kijum | *kijīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *kijud | *kijīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *kijun | *kijīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *kīnandz | *kijanaz | |||
Descendants
References
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 161
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kīnan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 287
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*kīnanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 214
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