< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gramaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰróm-o-s, from *ǵʰrem- (to vex; to be angry).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɣrɑ.mɑz/

Adjective

*gramaz[1]

  1. furious
  2. hostile

Inflection


Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *gram(ī)
    • Old English: gram
      • Middle English: gram
        • English: gram
    • Old Saxon: gram
      • Middle Low German: gram
    • Old Dutch: *gram
    • Old High German: gremi, gram
    • Old French: graim
      • Old French: graigne
        • Old French: graignier, greignier
  • Old Norse: gramr

References

  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*gramaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 139
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