< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/girnijaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Inflection
Conjugation of *girnijaną (weak class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *girnijō | *girnijaų | — | *girnijai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *girnīsi | *girnijais | *girnī | *girnijasai | *girnijaisau |
| 3rd singular | *girnīþi | *girnijai | *girnijaþau | *girnijaþai | *girnijaiþau |
| 1st dual | *girnijōs | *girnijaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *girnijaþiz | *girnijaiþiz | *girnijaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *girnijamaz | *girnijaim | — | *girnijanþai | *girnijainþau |
| 2nd plural | *girnīþ | *girnijaiþ | *girnīþ | *girnijanþai | *girnijainþau |
| 3rd plural | *girnijanþi | *girnijain | *girnijanþau | *girnijanþai | *girnijainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *girnidǭ | *girnidēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *girnidēz | *girnidēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *girnidē | *girnidēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *girnidēdū | *girnidēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *girnidēdudiz | *girnidēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *girnidēdum | *girnidēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *girnidēdud | *girnidēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *girnidēdun | *girnidēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *girnijandz | *girnidaz | |||
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*gerna-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 175: “*gernjan-”
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*ʒernjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 132
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