< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/badją

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain[1]; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰodʰh₂-yó-m (“ditch, grave”), from *bʰedʰh₂- (“to dig, burrow; to pierce, stab”) +‎ *-yóm[2], or perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₁-tó-s (“warm”), from *bʰeh₁- (“to warm”) +‎ *-tós, whence *baþą (“bath”)[1], Dutch betten (“to warm up”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈbɑð.jɑ̃/

Noun

*badją n[2]

  1. dugout plot of ground, grave
  2. bed
  3. bedding

Inflection
neuter ja-stemDeclension of *badją (neuter ja-stem)
singular plural
nominative *badją *badjō
vocative *badją *badjō
accusative *badją *badjō
genitive *badjas, *badis *badjǫ̂
dative *badjai *badjamaz
instrumental *badjō *badjamiz

Derived terms
  • *badjô, *gabadjô
  • *badjǭ, *gabadjǭ

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *badi
    • Old English: bedd, bed, bædd
      • Middle English: bedde, bed
    • Old Frisian: bedd
    • Old Saxon: bed, bedd, beddi
    • Old Dutch: beddi
      • Middle Dutch: bedde
        • Dutch: bed
          • Afrikaans: bed
          • Berbice Creole Dutch: bedi
          • Negerhollands: bet, bedi, bere, bedde
            • → Virgin Islands Creole: bedi (archaic)
          • Skepi Creole Dutch: bede
          • → Caribbean Javanese: bèt
          • →? Mohegan-Pequot: beed
          • → Papiamentu: bèt, bèchi, bèrchi, bed
          • → Saramaccan: bédi
          • →? Sranan Tongo: bedi
            • → Caribbean Hindustani: bedi
            • → Caribbean Javanese: bèḍi
            • → Kari'na: bedi
        • Limburgish: bèd
        • → French: bedde (“matress”) (dialectal)
    • Old High German: betti, beti
      • Middle High German: bette, bete, bet
        • Alemannic German: Bett
          Swabian: Bedd
        • Bavarian:
          Cimbrian: pett
        • German: Bett (“bed”), Beet (“flowerbed”)
          • → Danish: bed
            • Norwegian Bokmål: bed
        • Luxembourgish: Bett
        • Rhine Franconian:
          Pennsylvania German: Bett
        • Vilamovian: bet
  • Old Norse: beðr m (“bolster, bedding”)
  • Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌳𐌹 (badi)
  • → Proto-Finnic: *patja (“pillow, mattress”) (see there for further descendants)

Further reading
  • de Vaan, Michiel (2014) “West Germanic *þþ and *þm in Dutch”, in Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik‎, volume 72, pages 8-9

References
  1. Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) “bed”, in An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 201 of 33-34
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*badja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 46
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