Kreis

See also: kreis

German

Alternative forms

Kraiß, Kreiß, Krayß, Kreyß, Krais, Krays, Kreys (until 18^th century)

Etymology

From Middle High German kreiz, from Old High German kreiz, from Proto-West Germanic *krait, from Proto-Germanic *kraitaz. Compare the semantic development of the descendants of *krajь, okrug / о́круг (ókrug).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kʁaɪ̯s/
Audio (file)
Audio (Austria) (file)
Rhymes: -aɪ̯s

Noun

Kreis m (strong, genitive Kreises, plural Kreise)

circle
(figurative) range, scope
a type of territorial administrative division, district

Usage notes

When used in the sense of a territorial subdivision, Kreis is usually translated as district. However, in some contexts it may be translated as circle, e.g. the Imperial Circles (Reichskreise) of the Holy Roman Empire.

Declension

Declension of Kreis [masculine, strong]

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	ein	der	Kreis	die	Kreise
genitive	eines	des	Kreises	der	Kreise
dative	einem	dem	Kreis, Kreise¹	den	Kreisen
accusative	einen	den	Kreis	die	Kreise

¹Now rare, see notes.

Hyponyms

Arbeitskreis
Artenkreis
Bekanntenkreis (“circle of acquaintances”)
Bibelkreis (“Bible study group”)
Breitenkreis (“circle of latitude”)
Buchungskreis
Dunstkreis (“sphere of influence”)
Familienkreis (“family circle”)
Freundeskreis
Gesichtskreis
Gesprächskreis (“discussion group”)
Halbkreis
Inkreis
Kornkreis
Kreidekreis (“Chalk Circle”)
Kulturkreis (“culture, cultural circle, cultural environment”)
Landkreis
Leserkreis (“readership”)
Lichtkreis (“circle of light, radius of a light source”)
Liederkreis (“song cycle”)
Polarkreis (“Arctic Circle”)
Rassenkreis
Reichskreis (“Imperial Circle”)
Schaltkreis
Sitzkreis (“circle of chairs”)
Spielkreis (“amateur theatre or music group”)
Stadtkreis
Stromkreis
Tanzkreis (“dance circle”)
Teufelskreis
Verteilerkreis
Wirkungsbereich (“sphere of activity, sphere of impact”)

Derived terms

Umkreis

Related terms

Descendants

→⇒ Czech: okres
→⇒ Slovak: okres

Further reading

“Kreis” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
“Kreis” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
“Kreis” in Duden online
Kreis on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^de
“Kreis” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.

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