Krampus

See also: krampus

English

Etymology

Borrowed from German Krampus.

Proper noun

Krampus (plural Krampuses)

  1. A beast in the folklore of Alpine countries, said to punish misbehaving children during the Christmas season.

Anagrams

German
FWOTD – 5 December 2017
Krampus in Salzburg, Austria

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkʁampʊs/
  • Rhymes: -ampʊs

Etymology 1

Possibly related to Krampen (“axe, pickaxe”).

Noun

Krampus m (strong, genitive Krampusses or Krampus, plural Krampusse)

  1. (folklore, Bavaria, Austria) Krampus (beast in the folklore of Alpine countries)
    Synonym: Knecht Ruprecht
    • 1868, Gemeinde-Zeitung: unabhängiges politisches Journal, page 10:
      Nikolo der leibhaftige Krampus gekommen und habe, anstatt ein Geschenk zu bringen, nur „Geld und Blut“ gefordert.
      Saint Nicholas became the Krampus personified and, instead of bringing a gift, just demanded "gold and blood".
    • 1984, Wilhelm Pellert, Fahr wohl ins Leben, →ISBN, page 42:
      Dann kamen sie, der Krampus und - voran - der Nikolo.
      Then they came, the Krampus and - before him - Saint Nicholas.
    • 2016, Roman Reischl, Kommissariat - Band 2: Österreichische Moritaten, →ISBN:
      Doch Weihnachten rückte immer näher und die Krampusse zogen wütend durch die Reichenhaller Fußgängerzone.
      But Christmas was drawing ever closer and the Krampuses milled furiously around the pedestrian precinct of Bad Reichenhall.
Declension
Declension of Krampus [masculine, strong]
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative ein der Krampus die Krampusse
genitive eines des Krampusses, Krampus der Krampusse
dative einem dem Krampus, Krampusse1 den Krampussen
accusative einen den Krampus die Krampusse

1Now rare, see notes.

Etymology 2

Latinisation of native German Krampf (“cramp”); see there for further details.

Noun

Krampus m (strong, genitive Krampus, plural Krampi)

  1. (pathology) cramp
    Synonym: Krampf
    • 1951, Deutsche Zeitschrift für Nervenheilkunde [German Journal of Neurology], volume 166, page 472:
      Die Unterscheidung in der Pathogenese des lokalisierten Krampus und der Krampus-Krankheit hat sicherlich ihre Berechtigung, denn es bestehen weit mehr als rein quantitative Abstufungen zwischen ihren.
      The distinction in pathogenesis of localised cramp and the cramping-sickness surely has its justification, as there are far more than purely quantitative gradations between them.
    • 1967, J. Gerlach, Grundriss der Neurochirurgie [Outline of Neurosurgery], →ISBN, page 79:
      Die myospastische Reaktion, am besten durch faradisch Muskelreize auslösbar, besteht in einem Muskelwogen und einer veränderten Kontraktion, die in einen Krampus übergehen kann.
      The myospastic reaction, most likely triggered by faradic muscle stimuli, consists of muscular surges and a modified contraction, that can transition into a cramp.
    • 2003, Stephan Zierz, Felix Jerusalem, Muskelerkrankungen [Muscle Disorders], 3rd edition, →ISBN, page 70:
      Der „idiopathische" oder „banale" Muskelkrampf ist Ausdruck einer neurogenen Übererregbarkeit; elektromyographisch werden frequente Entladungsserien motorischer Einheiten während des Krampus nachgewiesen.
      The "idiopathic" or "banal" muscle cramp is the expression of a neurogenic hyper-excitability; electromyographically, frequent discharge series of motor units are detected during the cramp.
Declension
Declension of Krampus [masculine, strong]
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative ein der Krampus die Krampi
genitive eines des Krampus der Krampi
dative einem dem Krampus den Krampi
accusative einen den Krampus die Krampi

Further reading

Spanish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkɾampus/ [ˈkɾãm.pus]
  • Rhymes: -ampus
  • Syllabification: Kram‧pus

Proper noun

Krampus m

  1. (folklore) Krampus
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