-었었-
Korean
Alternative forms
- 였었 (-yeosseot-) — used after 하다 (hada) verbs and adjectives
Etymology
Formed through doubling the past tense suffix 었 (-eot-).
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ʌ̹s͈ʌ̹t̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [어썯]
Romanizations | |
---|---|
Revised Romanization? | eosseot |
Revised Romanization (translit.)? | eoss'eoss |
McCune–Reischauer? | ŏssŏt |
Yale Romanization? | ess.ess |
Suffix
Yin-form | 었었 (-eosseot-) |
---|---|
Yang-form | 았었 (-asseot-) |
었었 • (-eosseot-)
Usage notes
- For vowel harmony, contractions, and allomorphy, see 아/어/여 (-a/eo/yeo); do note, however, that the second 었 (-eot-) does not change forms.
- 었었 (-eosseot-) precedes all verbal endings except the honorific suffix.
- Difference with 었 (-eot-):
- While 었 (-eot-) carries a perfect aspect meaning, 었었 (-eosseot-) carries a meaning of completion of an action and its difference from the past. Thus, while 죽었다 (jugeotda) means he died and is still dead, 죽었었다 (jugeosseotda) means he died and is no longer in that state. These two suffixes can also be easily compared with the verb 가다 (gada), simple past tense of which expresses that one went somewhere and is still possibly there, while the double past tense usually expresses that one went somewhere, stayed there and is no longer there or came back.
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