-어하다
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Korean 어〮 ᄒᆞ다〮 (Yale: -é hò-tá), equivalent to 어 (-eo) + 하다 (hada). In Middle Korean, it combined much more commonly with verbs.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ʌ̹ɦa̠da̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [어하다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | eohada |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | eohada |
| McCune–Reischauer? | ŏhada |
| Yale Romanization? | ehata |
Suffix
| Yin-form | 어하다 (-eohada) |
|---|---|
| Yang-form | 아하다 (-ahada) |
어하다 • (-eohada)
- to consider, to find; attached to various adjectives, primarily those conveying an emotion or sensation, to form transitive verbs. The connotation of the verb is that one's experience of the emotion or sensation can be seen by an external observer.
- 기쁘다 (gippeuda, “to be happy”) + 어하다 (-eohada) → 기뻐하다 (gippeohada, “to rejoice”)
- 좋다 (jota, “to be good”) + 어하다 (-eohada) → 좋아하다 (joahada, “to like”)
- 맵다 (maepda, “to be spicy”) + 어하다 (-eohada) → 매워하다 (maewohada, “to find spicy”)
- 무섭다 (museopda, “to be scary”) + 어하다 (-eohada) → 무서워하다 (museowohada, “to fear”)
- Attached to certain verbs to give it a durative sense.
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb -어하다 (-eohada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | -어한다 -eohanda |
-어해 -eohae |
-어해요 -eohaeyo |
-어합니다 -eohamnida |
| Past | -어했다 -eohaetda |
-어했어 -eohaesseo |
-어했어요 -eohaesseoyo |
-어했습니다 -eohaetseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | -어하느냐 -eohaneunya |
-어해 -eohae |
-어해요 -eohaeyo |
-어합니까 -eohamnikka |
| Past | -어했느냐 -eohaenneunya |
-어했어 -eohaesseo |
-어했어요 -eohaesseoyo |
-어했습니까 -eohaetseumnikka | |
| Hortative | -어하자 -eohaja | -어해 -eohae | -어해요 -eohaeyo | -어하십시다 -eohasipsida | |
| Imperative | -어해라, -어하여라 -eohaera, -eohayeora | -어해 -eohae | -어해요 -eohaeyo | -어합시오 -eohapsio | |
| Assertive | -어하겠다 -eohagetda | -어하겠어 -eohagesseo | -어하겠어요 -eohagesseoyo | -어하겠습니다 -eohagetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | -어해 -eohae | -어해서, -어하여서 -eohaeseo, -eohayeoseo | -어하니 -eohani | -어하니까 -eohanikka | |
| Contrast | -어하지만 -eohajiman | -어하는데 -eohaneunde | -어하더니 -eohadeoni | ||
| Conjunction | -어하고 -eohago | ||||
| Condition | -어하면 -eohamyeon | -어해야, -어하여야 -eohaeya, -eohayeoya | |||
| Motive | -어하려고 -eoharyeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | -어함 -eoham | -어하기 -eohagi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | -어했음, -어하였음 -eohaesseum, -eohayeosseum | -어했기, -어하였기 -eohaetgi, -eohayeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | -어한 -eohan | |||
| Present | -어하는 -eohaneun | ||||
| Future | -어할 -eohal | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | -어하신다 -eohasinda |
-어하셔 -eohasyeo |
-어하세요, -어하셔요 -eohaseyo, -eohasyeoyo |
-어하십니다 -eohasimnida |
| Past | -어하셨다 -eohasyeotda |
-어하셨어 -eohasyeosseo |
-어하셨어요 -eohasyeosseoyo |
-어하셨습니다 -eohasyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | -어하시느냐 -eohasineunya |
-어하셔 -eohasyeo |
-어하세요, -어하셔요 -eohaseyo, -eohasyeoyo |
-어하십니까 -eohasimnikka |
| Past | -어하셨느냐 -eohasyeonneunya |
-어하셨어 -eohasyeosseo |
-어하셨어요 -eohasyeosseoyo |
-어하셨습니까 -eohasyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | -어하시라 -eohasira | -어하셔 -eohasyeo | -어하세요 -eohaseyo | -어하십시오 -eohasipsio | |
| Assertive | -어하시겠다 -eohasigetda | -어하시겠어 -eohasigesseo | -어하시겠어요 -eohasigesseoyo | -어하시겠습니다 -eohasigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | -어하셔 -eohasyeo | -어하셔서 -eohasyeoseo | -어하시니 -eohasini | -어하시니까 -eohasinikka | |
| Contrast | -어하시지만 -eohasijiman | -어하시는데 -eohasineunde | -어하시더니 -eohasideoni | ||
| Conjunction | -어하시고 -eohasigo | ||||
| Condition | -어하시면 -eohasimyeon | -어하셔야 -eohasyeoya | |||
| Motive | -어하시려고 -eohasiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | -어하심 -eohasim | -어하시기 -eohasigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | -어하셨음 -eohasyeosseum | -어하셨기 -eohasyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | -어하신 -eohasin | |||
| Present | -어하시는 -eohasineun | ||||
| Future | -어하실 -eohasil | ||||
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