-ई
Hindi
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /iː/
Etymology 1
All forms are ultimately from Sanskrit -इक (-ika):
- Direct singular inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इउ (-iu), from Sauraseni Prakrit -𑀇𑀕𑁄 (-igo), from Sanskrit -इकः (-ikaḥ)
- Oblique singular inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इहे (-ihĕ/-ihi, genitive singular), from Sauraseni Prakrit -𑀇𑀕𑀲𑁆𑀲 (-igassa) or -𑀇𑀅𑀲𑁆𑀲 (-iassa), from Sanskrit -इकस्य (-ikasya)
- Vocative singular inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इअ (-ia), from Sauraseni Prakrit -𑀇𑀕 (-iga), from Sanskrit -इक (-ika)
- Direct plural inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इअ (-ia), from Sauraseni Prakrit -𑀇𑀕𑀸 (-igā), from Sanskrit -इकाः (-ikāḥ)
See -इयों (-iyõ) and -इयो (-iyo) for the etymologies of those endings specifically. [1]
Declension
Etymology 2
All forms are ultimately from Sanskrit -इका (-ikā). Specifically,
- Direct singular inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इअ (-ia), from Sauraseni Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit -इकाः (-ikāḥ, nominative singular)
- Oblique singular inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इहे (-ihĕ/-ihi), from Sauraseni Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit -इकायाः (-ikāyāḥ, genitive singular)
- Vocative singular inherited from Sauraseni Apabhramsa -इए (-iĕ), from Sauraseni Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit -इके (-ike, vocative singular)
See -इयाँ (-iyā̃), -इयों (-iyõ), and -इयो (-iyo) for the etymologies of those endings specifically. [2]
Declension
Etymology 3
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit -𑀇𑀅 (-ia), from Sanskrit -इक (-ika) or Sanskrit -ईय (-īya). Later influenced by Classical Persian ـی (-ī), from Middle Persian -yk' / 𐭩𐭪𐭩 (yky /-īg/, adjectival suffix), a cognate of Sanskrit -इक (-ika) through Proto-Indo-Iranian *-kas. Also influenced by Arabic ـِيّ (-iyy, nisba suffix), which in Classical Persian becomes ی (-ī).
Suffix
-ई • (-ī) (Urdu spelling ـی)
Suffix
-ई • (-ī) m (Urdu spelling ـی)
Etymology 5
Borrowed from Classical Persian ـی (-ī), from Middle Persian 𐭩𐭧 (yḥ /-īh/) (forms nouns from adjectives).[3] Doublet of -गी (-gī).
Suffix
-ई • (-ī) f (Urdu spelling ـی)
Declension
Derived terms
References
- Oberlies, Thomas (2005) A Historical Grammar of Hindi, Grazer Vergleichende Arbeiten, →ISBN, page 7
- Oberlies, Thomas (2005) A Historical Grammar of Hindi, Grazer Vergleichende Arbeiten, →ISBN, page 9
- https://www.jahanshiri.ir/fa/en/suffix-i
Konkani
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [iː]