-рывать

From imperfective lengthening of the Proto-Slavic perfective infinitive stem *-rъv- (from the infinitive *rъvati) + -а́ть (-átʹ). Similar lengthening accounts for the change -о- → -а- in imperfective derivations in -ывать (-yvatʹ) and -ивать (-ivatʹ), e.g.

• осмотре́ть pf (osmotrétʹ, “to examine”) → осма́тривать impf (osmátrivatʹ),
• отбро́сить pf (otbrósitʹ, “to throw away”) → отбра́сывать impf (otbrásyvatʹ),
• приколо́ть pf (prikolótʹ, “to pin”) → прика́лывать impf (prikályvatʹ).

• IPA^(key): [rɨˈvatʲ]

-рыва́ть • (-ryvátʹ) impf (perfective -рва́ть)

1. Combining form used to form imperfective counterparts of prefixed derivatives of рвать (rvatʹ, “to tear, to break, to pick”).

   подорва́ть pf (podorvátʹ) → подрыва́ть impf (podryvátʹ)

   прорва́ть pf (prorvátʹ) → прорыва́ть impf (proryvátʹ)

   сорва́ть pf (sorvátʹ) → срыва́ть impf (sryvátʹ)

Verbs with this combining form have corresponding perfectives that are derivatives of рвать (rvatʹ). There are many homophonous imperfectives ending in -рыва́ть whose corresponding perfectives are derivatives of рыть (rytʹ) (e.g. прорыва́ть (proryvátʹ, “to dig through”), imperfective of проры́ть (prorýtʹ), not to be confused with прорыва́ть (proryvátʹ, “to break through”), imperfective of прорва́ть (prorvátʹ)). These are not formed from a combining form of this sort but rather by directly adding -ва́ть (-vátʹ) to the perfective.

• брать (bratʹ), -бира́ть (-birátʹ)
• слать (slatʹ), -сыла́ть (-sylátʹ)
• жать (žatʹ, “to squeeze”) (present tense жму (žmu)), -жима́ть (-žimátʹ)
• жать (žatʹ, “to reap”) (present tense жну (žnu)), -жина́ть (-žinátʹ)