-альный

Russian

Pronunciation

  • -альный: IPA(key): [əlʲnɨj]
  • -а́льный: IPA(key): [ˈalʲnɨj]

Suffix

-альный or -а́льный • (-alʹnyj or -álʹnyj)

  1. Used to form adjectives from verbs, especially those in -ать (-atʹ).
    игра́ть (igrátʹ, to play) + -а́льный (-álʹnyj)игра́льный (igrálʹnyj, (relational) playing)
    приста́ть (pristátʹ, to adhere) + -альный (-alʹnyj)при́стальный (prístalʹnyj, intent, rapt)

Usage notes

Many, perhaps most, adjectives ending in -альный are not formed from verbs but rather are formed by adding the extremely common ending -ный (-nyj) to a borrowed (usually French, German or English) adjective ending in -al, -el or -ell, e.g. вертика́льный (vertikálʹnyj, vertical), from German vertikal or directly from French vertical, and similarly актуа́льный (aktuálʹnyj, current, timely), from German aktuell or directly from French actuel.

Declension

Derived terms

Russian terms suffixed with -альный
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