๐๐ป๐ฏ
See also: ๐๐ฏ
Ashokan Prakrit
Etymology
From Sanskrit ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซvรก).[1]
Noun
๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva)
- living thing, life
- c. 257 BCE, Ashoka, Girnar Major Rock Edict 1 :
- ๐๐ฅ ๐ฆ ๐๐บ๐๐๐บ ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ ๐๐ญ๐ช๐บ๐ข๐๐ง๐ธ ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐ฝ๐ณ๐บ๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ฌ๐
- idha na kiแนci jฤซvaแน ฤrabhitpฤ prajลซhitavyaแน
- Here no living being must be killed and sacrificed.
- ๐๐ฅ ๐ฆ ๐๐บ๐๐๐บ ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ ๐๐ญ๐ช๐บ๐ข๐๐ง๐ธ ๐ง๐๐ญ๐๐ฝ๐ณ๐บ๐ข๐ฏ๐๐ฌ๐
Alternative forms
Attested at Allahabad-Kosambi, Delhi-Meerut, Delhi-Topra, Dhauli, Girnar, Lauriya-Araraj, Lauriya-Nandangarh and Rampurva.
| Dialectal forms of ๐๐ป๐ฏ (โliving thingโ) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Forms |
| Central | Kalsi | ๐๐บ๐ฏ (jiva) |
| Delhi-Topra | ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva) | |
| Delhi-Meerut | ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva) | |
| Rampurva | ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva) | |
| Lauriya-Nandangarh | ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva) | |
| Lauriya-Araraj | ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva) | |
| Allahabad-Kosambi | ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva) | |
| East | Dhauli | ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva) |
| Jaugada | ๐๐ธ๐ฏ (jฤva) | |
| Northwest | Shahbazgarhi | ๐จ๐จ๐จฌ (jiva) |
| Mansehra | ๐จ๐จ๐จฌ (jiva) | |
| West | Girnar | ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva) |
| Map of dialectal forms of ๐๐ป๐ฏ (โliving thingโ) | ||
|---|---|---|
 | ||
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969โ1985) โjฤซvรก1โ, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Pali
Alternative forms
Alternative forms
- jฤซva (Latin script)
- เคเฅเคต (Devanagari script)
- เฆเงเงฐ (Bengali script)
- เถขเทเท (Sinhalese script)
- แแฎแ or แแณแ or แนแฎแ (Burmese script)
- เธเธตเธง or เธเธตเธงเธฐ (Thai script)
- แจฉแฉฆแฉ (Tai Tham script)
- เบเบตเบง or เบเบตเบงเบฐ (Lao script)
- แแธแ (Khmer script)
- ๐๐ฉ๐ (Chakma script)
Declension
Declension table of "๐๐ป๐ฏ" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซvo) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ (jฤซvฤ) |
| Accusative (second) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซvaแน) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซve) |
| Instrumental (third) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (jฤซvena) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ณ๐บ (jฤซvehi) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ช๐บ (jฤซvebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (jฤซvassa) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฌ (jฤซvฤya) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ (jฤซvatthaแน) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐ (jฤซvฤnaแน) |
| Ablative (fifth) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐ธ (jฤซvasmฤ) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ซ๐๐ณ๐ธ (jฤซvamhฤ) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ (jฤซvฤ) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ณ๐บ (jฤซvehi) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ช๐บ (jฤซvebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (jฤซvassa) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐ (jฤซvฤnaแน) |
| Locative (seventh) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐บ๐ (jฤซvasmiแน) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ซ๐๐ณ๐บ (jฤซvamhi) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซve) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ฒ๐ผ (jฤซvesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ (jฤซvฤ) |
Declension table of "๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ" (feminine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ (jฤซvฤ) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฌ๐ (jฤซvฤyo) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ (jฤซvฤ) |
| Accusative (second) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซvaแน) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฌ๐ (jฤซvฤyo) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ (jฤซvฤ) |
| Instrumental (third) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฌ (jฤซvฤya) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ณ๐บ (jฤซvฤhi) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ช๐บ (jฤซvฤbhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฌ (jฤซvฤya) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐ (jฤซvฤnaแน) |
| Ablative (fifth) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฌ (jฤซvฤya) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ณ๐บ (jฤซvฤhi) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ช๐บ (jฤซvฤbhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฌ (jฤซvฤya) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐ (jฤซvฤnaแน) |
| Locative (seventh) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฌ (jฤซvฤya) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฌ๐ (jฤซvฤyaแน) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฒ๐ผ (jฤซvฤsu) |
| Vocative (calling) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซve) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฌ๐ (jฤซvฤyo) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ (jฤซvฤ) |
Declension table of "๐๐ป๐ฏ" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซvaแน) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐บ (jฤซvฤni) |
| Accusative (second) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซvaแน) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐บ (jฤซvฤni) |
| Instrumental (third) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (jฤซvena) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ณ๐บ (jฤซvehi) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ช๐บ (jฤซvebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (jฤซvassa) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฌ (jฤซvฤya) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ (jฤซvatthaแน) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐ (jฤซvฤnaแน) |
| Ablative (fifth) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐ธ (jฤซvasmฤ) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ซ๐๐ณ๐ธ (jฤซvamhฤ) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ (jฤซvฤ) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ณ๐บ (jฤซvehi) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ช๐บ (jฤซvebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (jฤซvassa) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐ (jฤซvฤnaแน) |
| Locative (seventh) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐บ๐ (jฤซvasmiแน) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ซ๐๐ณ๐บ (jฤซvamhi) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซve) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ฒ๐ผ (jฤซvesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐บ (jฤซvฤni) |
Declension
Declension table of "๐๐ป๐ฏ" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซvaแน) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐บ (jฤซvฤni) |
| Accusative (second) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซvaแน) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐บ (jฤซvฤni) |
| Instrumental (third) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ฆ (jฤซvena) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ณ๐บ (jฤซvehi) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ช๐บ (jฤซvebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (jฤซvassa) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฌ (jฤซvฤya) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ข๐๐ฃ๐ (jฤซvatthaแน) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐ (jฤซvฤnaแน) |
| Ablative (fifth) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐ธ (jฤซvasmฤ) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ซ๐๐ณ๐ธ (jฤซvamhฤ) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ (jฤซvฤ) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ณ๐บ (jฤซvehi) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ช๐บ (jฤซvebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ฒ๐๐ฒ (jฤซvassa) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐ (jฤซvฤnaแน) |
| Locative (seventh) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ฒ๐๐ซ๐บ๐ (jฤซvasmiแน) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ซ๐๐ณ๐บ (jฤซvamhi) or ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซve) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐๐ฒ๐ผ (jฤซvesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ๐ฆ๐บ (jฤซvฤni) |
When masculine, the nominative, vocative and accusative are:
Declension table of "๐๐ป๐ฏ" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซvo) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ (jฤซvฤ) |
| Accusative (second) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซvaแน) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ (jฤซve) |
| Vocative (calling) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ (jฤซva) | ๐๐ป๐ฏ๐ธ (jฤซvฤ) |
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