줄다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 졸〯다〮 (Yale: cwǒl-tá).

Pronunciation
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈt͡ɕu(ː)ɭda̠]
  • Phonetic hangul: [줄(ː)다]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?julda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?julda
McCune–Reischauer?chulda
Yale Romanization?cwūlta

Verb
Korean verb set
Base 줄다 (julda)
Causative줄이다 (jurida)

줄다 • (julda) (infinitive 줄어, sequential 주니)

  1. (intransitive) to decrease, to shrink
    Antonym: 늘다 (neulda)
    1982년 이래로, 그것은 250미터 만큼 줄었다.
    Cheon'gubaekpalsibinyeon iraero, geugeos-eun ibaegosimmiteo mankeum jureotda.
    Since 1982, it has shrunk by 250 meters.
    2018, VOA Learning English > China's Melting Glacier Brings Visitors, Adds to Climate Concerns (The original sentence in English)

Conjugation
    Selected forms of the verb 줄다 (julda): consonant-stem, ㄹ(l)-irregular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 준다
junda		 줄어
jureo		 줄어요
jureoyo		 줍니다
jumnida
Past 줄었다
jureotda		 줄었어
jureosseo		 줄었어요
jureosseoyo		 줄었습니다
jureotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 주느냐
juneunya		 줄어
jureo		 줄어요
jureoyo		 줍니까
jumnikka
Past 줄었느냐
jureonneunya		 줄었어
jureosseo		 줄었어요
jureosseoyo		 줄었습니까
jureotseumnikka
Hortative 줄자
julja		줄어
jureo		줄어요
jureoyo		주십시다
jusipsida
Imperative 줄어라
jureora		줄어
jureo		줄어요
jureoyo		줍시오
jupsio
Assertive 줄겠다
julgetda		줄겠어
julgesseo		줄겠어요
julgesseoyo		줄겠습니다
julgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 줄어
jureo		줄어서
jureoseo		주니
juni		주니까
junikka
Contrast 줄지만
juljiman		주는데
juneunde		줄더니
juldeoni
Conjunction 줄고
julgo
Condition 줄면
julmyeon		줄어야
jureoya
Motive 줄려고
jullyeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 줆
jum		줄기
julgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 줄었음
jureosseum		줄었기
jureotgi
Determiners Past 준
jun
Present 주는
juneun
Future 줄
jul
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 주신다
jusinda		 주셔
jusyeo		 주세요, 주셔요
juseyo, jusyeoyo		 주십니다
jusimnida
Past 주셨다
jusyeotda		 주셨어
jusyeosseo		 주셨어요
jusyeosseoyo		 주셨습니다
jusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 주시느냐
jusineunya		 주셔
jusyeo		 주세요, 주셔요
juseyo, jusyeoyo		 주십니까
jusimnikka
Past 주셨느냐
jusyeonneunya		 주셨어
jusyeosseo		 주셨어요
jusyeosseoyo		 주셨습니까
jusyeotseumnikka
Imperative 주시라
jusira		주셔
jusyeo		주세요
juseyo		주십시오
jusipsio
Assertive 주시겠다
jusigetda		주시겠어
jusigesseo		주시겠어요
jusigesseoyo		주시겠습니다
jusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 주셔
jusyeo		주셔서
jusyeoseo		주시니
jusini		주시니까
jusinikka
Contrast 주시지만
jusijiman		주시는데
jusineunde		주시더니
jusideoni
Conjunction 주시고
jusigo
Condition 주시면
jusimyeon		주셔야
jusyeoya
Motive 주시려고
jusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 주심
jusim		주시기
jusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 주셨음
jusyeosseum		주셨기
jusyeotgi
Determiners Past 주신
jusin
Present 주시는
jusineun
Future 주실
jusil
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