부수다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄇᆞᅀᆞ다 (Yale: pozota). An irregular reflex of /z/ as /s/ rather than deletion (or a borrowing from southeastern dialects that did not undergo the initial lenition of /s/ to /z/), probably motivated by onomatopoeia; see the related ideophones.
부수다 (busuda, “to crush”) and 바수다 (basuda, “to grind”) are a number of yin-yang vowel pairs that were originally the same word in Middle Korean.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pusʰuda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [부수다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | busuda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | busuda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | pusuda |
| Yale Romanization? | puswuta |
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 부수다 (busuda): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 부순다 busunda |
부수어 busueo |
부수어요, 부숴요 busueoyo, buswoyo |
부숩니다 busumnida |
| Past | 부수었다 busueotda |
부수었어 busueosseo |
부수었어요 busueosseoyo |
부수었습니다 busueotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 부수느냐 busuneunya |
부수어 busueo |
부수어요, 부숴요 busueoyo, buswoyo |
부숩니까 busumnikka |
| Past | 부수었느냐 busueonneunya |
부수었어 busueosseo |
부수었어요 busueosseoyo |
부수었습니까 busueotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 부수자 busuja | 부수어 busueo | 부수어요, 부숴요 busueoyo, buswoyo | 부수십시다 bususipsida | |
| Imperative | 부수어라, 부숴라 busueora, buswora | 부수어 busueo | 부수어요, 부숴요 busueoyo, buswoyo | 부숩시오 busupsio | |
| Assertive | 부수겠다 busugetda | 부수겠어 busugesseo | 부수겠어요 busugesseoyo | 부수겠습니다 busugetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 부수어 busueo | 부수어서, 부숴서 busueoseo, buswoseo | 부수니 busuni | 부수니까 busunikka | |
| Contrast | 부수지만 busujiman | 부수는데 busuneunde | 부수더니 busudeoni | ||
| Conjunction | 부수고 busugo | ||||
| Condition | 부수면 busumyeon | 부수어야, 부숴야 busueoya, buswoya | |||
| Motive | 부수려고 busuryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 부숨 busum | 부수기 busugi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 부수었음, 부쉈음 busueosseum, buswosseum | 부수었기, 부쉈기 busueotgi, buswotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 부순 busun | |||
| Present | 부수는 busuneun | ||||
| Future | 부술 busul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 부수신다 bususinda |
부수셔 bususyeo |
부수세요, 부수셔요 bususeyo, bususyeoyo |
부수십니다 bususimnida |
| Past | 부수셨다 bususyeotda |
부수셨어 bususyeosseo |
부수셨어요 bususyeosseoyo |
부수셨습니다 bususyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 부수시느냐 bususineunya |
부수셔 bususyeo |
부수세요, 부수셔요 bususeyo, bususyeoyo |
부수십니까 bususimnikka |
| Past | 부수셨느냐 bususyeonneunya |
부수셨어 bususyeosseo |
부수셨어요 bususyeosseoyo |
부수셨습니까 bususyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 부수시라 bususira | 부수셔 bususyeo | 부수세요 bususeyo | 부수십시오 bususipsio | |
| Assertive | 부수시겠다 bususigetda | 부수시겠어 bususigesseo | 부수시겠어요 bususigesseoyo | 부수시겠습니다 bususigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 부수셔 bususyeo | 부수셔서 bususyeoseo | 부수시니 bususini | 부수시니까 bususinikka | |
| Contrast | 부수시지만 bususijiman | 부수시는데 bususineunde | 부수시더니 bususideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 부수시고 bususigo | ||||
| Condition | 부수시면 bususimyeon | 부수셔야 bususyeoya | |||
| Motive | 부수시려고 bususiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 부수심 bususim | 부수시기 bususigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 부수셨음 bususyeosseum | 부수셨기 bususyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 부수신 bususin | |||
| Present | 부수시는 bususineun | ||||
| Future | 부수실 bususil | ||||
Related terms
- 깨다 (kkaeda, “to break”) (possibly derived form in pre-Middle Korean)
| Sound-symbolic terms related to 바수다/부수다 (basuda/busuda, "to break; to crush") | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yang-vowel form | Yin-vowel form | ||||||
| 바삭 (basak) 바삭바삭 (basakbasak) | 바싹 (bassak) 바싹바싹 (bassakbassak) | 빠삭 (ppasak) 빠삭빠삭 (ppasakppasak) | 파삭 (pasak) 파삭파삭 (pasakpasak) | 버석 (beoseok) 버석버석 (beoseokbeoseok) | 버썩 (beosseok) 버썩버썩 (beosseokbeosseok) | 뻐석 (ppeoseok) 뻐석뻐석 (ppeoseokppeoseok) | 퍼석 (peoseok) 퍼석퍼석 (peoseokpeoseok) |
| 보삭 (bosak) 보삭보삭 (bosakbosak) | 보싹 (bossak) 보싹보싹 (bossakbossak) | 뽀삭 (pposak) 뽀삭뽀삭 (pposakpposak) | 포삭 (posak) 포삭포삭 (posakposak) | 부석 (buseok) 부석부석 (buseokbuseok) | 부썩 (busseok) 부썩부썩 (busseokbusseok) | 뿌석 (ppuseok) 뿌석뿌석 (ppuseokppuseok) | 푸석 (puseok) 푸석푸석 (puseokpuseok) |
| 와삭 (wasak) 와삭와삭 (wasagwasak) | 와싹 (wassak) 와싹와싹 (wassagwassak) | 워석 (woseok) 워석워석 (woseogwoseok) | 워썩 (wosseok) 워썩워썩 (wosseogwosseok) | ||||
| 아삭 (asak) 아삭아삭 (asagasak) | 아싹 (assak) 아싹아싹 (assagassak) | 어석 (eoseok) 어석어석 (eoseogeoseok) | 어썩 (eosseok) 어썩어썩 (eosseogeosseok) | ||||
| 바슬바슬 (baseulbaseul) | 바스락 (baseurak) 바스락바스락 (baseurakbaseurak) | 빠스락 (ppaseurak) 빠스락빠스락 (ppaseurakppaseurak) | 파슬파슬 (paseulpaseul) | 버슬버슬 (beoseulbeoseul) | 버스럭 (beoseureok) 버스럭버스럭 (beoseureokbeoseureok) | 뻐스럭 (ppeoseureok) 뻐스럭뻐스럭 (ppeoseureokppeoseureok) | 퍼슬퍼슬 (peoseulpeoseul) |
| 보슬보슬 (boseulboseul) | 보스락 (boseurak) 보스락보스락 (boseurakboseurak) | 뽀스락 (pposeurak) 뽀스락뽀스락 (pposeurakpposeurak) | 포슬포슬 (poseulposeul) | 부슬부슬 (buseulbuseul) | 부스럭 (buseureok) 부스럭부스럭 (buseureokbuseureok) | 뿌스럭 (ppuseureok) 뿌스럭뿌스럭 (ppuseureokppuseureok) | 푸슬푸슬 (puseulpuseul) |
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