밝다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄇᆞᆰ다〮 (Yale: pòlk-tá). Alternation of Middle Korean 븕다〮 (Yale: pùlk-tá, “to be red”, whence modern Korean 붉다 (bukda)); see there for more. From Old Korean 明斤 (*POlk).

Pronunciation
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?bakda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?balgda
McCune–Reischauer?pakta
Yale Romanization?palkta

Adjective
Korean verb set
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Causative밝히다 (balkida)

밝다 • (bakda) (infinitive 밝아, sequential 밝으니)

  1. to be bright, to be brilliant
    Synonym: 훤하다 (hwonhada)
    Antonym: 어둡다 (eodupda)
  2. to be light, to be clear
    Antonym: 어둡다 (eodupda)
  3. to be acute, to be keen, to be learned
  4. to be cheerful, to be happy, to be optimistic
    Antonym: 어둡다 (eodupda)

Conjugation
    Selected forms of the adjective 밝다 (bakda): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 밝다
bakda		 밝아
balga		 밝아요
balgayo		 밝습니다
bakseumnida
Past 밝았다
balgatda		 밝았어
balgasseo		 밝았어요
balgasseoyo		 밝았습니다
balgatseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 밝으냐
balgeunya		 밝아
balga		 밝아요
balgayo		 밝습니까
bakseumnikka
Past 밝았냐
balgannya		 밝았어
balgasseo		 밝았어요
balgasseoyo		 밝았습니까
balgatseumnikka
Assertive 밝겠다
balgetda		밝겠어
balgesseo		밝겠어요
balgesseoyo		밝겠습니다
balgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 밝아
balga		밝아서
balgaseo		밝으니
balgeuni		밝으니까
balgeunikka
Contrast 밝지만
bakjiman		밝은데
balgeunde		밝더니
bakdeoni
Conjunction 밝고
balgo
Condition 밝으면
balgeumyeon		밝아야
balgaya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 밝음
balgeum		밝기
balgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 밝았음
balgasseum		밝았기
balgatgi
Determiners Present 밝은
balgeun
Future 밝을
balgeul


Sentence-final forms with honorific
Plain (해라체) Informal (해체) Polite (해요체) Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 밝으시다
balgeusida		 밝으셔
balgeusyeo		 밝으세요, 밝으셔요
balgeuseyo, balgeusyeoyo		 밝으십니다
balgeusimnida
Past 밝으셨다
balgeusyeotda		 밝으셨어
balgeusyeosseo		 밝으셨어요
balgeusyeosseoyo		 밝으셨습니다
balgeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 밝으시냐
balgeusinya		 밝으셔
balgeusyeo		 밝으세요, 밝으셔요
balgeuseyo, balgeusyeoyo		 밝으십니까
balgeusimnikka
Past 밝으셨냐
balgeusyeonnya		 밝으셨어
balgeusyeosseo		 밝으셨어요
balgeusyeosseoyo		 밝으셨습니까
balgeusyeotseumnikka
Assertive 밝으시겠다
balgeusigetda		밝으시겠어
balgeusigesseo		밝으시겠어요
balgeusigesseoyo		밝으시겠습니다
balgeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 밝으셔
balgeusyeo		밝으셔서
balgeusyeoseo		밝으시니
balgeusini		밝으시니까
balgeusinikka
Contrast 밝으시지만
balgeusijiman		밝으신데
balgeusinde		밝으시더니
balgeusideoni
Conjunction 밝으시고
balgeusigo
Condition 밝으시면
balgeusimyeon		밝으셔야
balgeusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 밝으심
balgeusim		밝으시기
balgeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 밝으셨음
balgeusyeosseum		밝으셨기
balgeusyeotgi
Determiners Present 밝으신
balgeusin
Future 밝으실
balgeusil

Verb

밝다 • (bakda) (infinitive 밝아, sequential 밝으니)

  1. (intransitive) to dawn

Conjugation
    Selected forms of the verb 밝다 (bakda): consonant-stem, regular
Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 밝는다
bangneunda		 밝아
balga		 밝아요
balgayo		 밝습니다
bakseumnida
Past 밝았다
balgatda		 밝았어
balgasseo		 밝았어요
balgasseoyo		 밝았습니다
balgatseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 밝느냐
bangneunya		 밝아
balga		 밝아요
balgayo		 밝습니까
bakseumnikka
Past 밝았느냐
balganneunya		 밝았어
balgasseo		 밝았어요
balgasseoyo		 밝았습니까
balgatseumnikka
Hortative 밝자
bakja		밝아
balga		밝아요
balgayo		밝으십시다
balgeusipsida
Imperative 밝아라
balgara		밝아
balga		밝아요
balgayo		밝읍시오
balgeupsio
Assertive 밝겠다
balgetda		밝겠어
balgesseo		밝겠어요
balgesseoyo		밝겠습니다
balgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 밝아
balga		밝아서
balgaseo		밝으니
balgeuni		밝으니까
balgeunikka
Contrast 밝지만
bakjiman		밝는데
bangneunde		밝더니
bakdeoni
Conjunction 밝고
balgo
Condition 밝으면
balgeumyeon		밝아야
balgaya
Motive 밝으려고
balgeuryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 밝음
balgeum		밝기
balgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 밝았음
balgasseum		밝았기
balgatgi
Determiners Past 밝은
balgeun
Present 밝는
bangneun
Future 밝을
balgeul
Sentence-final forms with honorific
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 밝으신다
balgeusinda		 밝으셔
balgeusyeo		 밝으세요, 밝으셔요
balgeuseyo, balgeusyeoyo		 밝으십니다
balgeusimnida
Past 밝으셨다
balgeusyeotda		 밝으셨어
balgeusyeosseo		 밝으셨어요
balgeusyeosseoyo		 밝으셨습니다
balgeusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 밝으시느냐
balgeusineunya		 밝으셔
balgeusyeo		 밝으세요, 밝으셔요
balgeuseyo, balgeusyeoyo		 밝으십니까
balgeusimnikka
Past 밝으셨느냐
balgeusyeonneunya		 밝으셨어
balgeusyeosseo		 밝으셨어요
balgeusyeosseoyo		 밝으셨습니까
balgeusyeotseumnikka
Imperative 밝으시라
balgeusira		밝으셔
balgeusyeo		밝으세요
balgeuseyo		밝으십시오
balgeusipsio
Assertive 밝으시겠다
balgeusigetda		밝으시겠어
balgeusigesseo		밝으시겠어요
balgeusigesseoyo		밝으시겠습니다
balgeusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 밝으셔
balgeusyeo		밝으셔서
balgeusyeoseo		밝으시니
balgeusini		밝으시니까
balgeusinikka
Contrast 밝으시지만
balgeusijiman		밝으시는데
balgeusineunde		밝으시더니
balgeusideoni
Conjunction 밝으시고
balgeusigo
Condition 밝으시면
balgeusimyeon		밝으셔야
balgeusyeoya
Motive 밝으시려고
balgeusiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 밝으심
balgeusim		밝으시기
balgeusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 밝으셨음
balgeusyeosseum		밝으셨기
balgeusyeotgi
Determiners Past 밝으신
balgeusin
Present 밝으시는
balgeusineun
Future 밝으실
balgeusil

Derived terms
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