다치다
Korean
Etymology
First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 다티〮다〮 (Yale: tàthí-tá). Possibly from 닿 (tah-, “to touch”) + 티 (-thi-, emphatic suffix).
Originally appears in the meaning "to touch, to disturb, to bump against". Appears as "to get injured" from the 17th century.
Pronunciation
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ta̠t͡ɕʰida̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [다치다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | dachida |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | dachida |
| McCune–Reischauer? | tach'ida |
| Yale Romanization? | ta.chita |
- Homophone: 닫히다 (dachida)
Verb
다치다 • (dachida) (infinitive 다쳐 or 다치어, sequential 다치니)
- (transitive or intransitive) to get hurt, to be injured
- (especially North Korea, transitive) to touch, to bump against
Conjugation
Selected forms of the verb 다치다 (dachida): vowel-stem, regular
| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 다친다 dachinda |
다쳐 dacheo |
다쳐요, 다치어요 dacheoyo, dachieoyo |
다칩니다 dachimnida |
| Past | 다쳤다 dacheotda |
다쳤어 dacheosseo |
다쳤어요 dacheosseoyo |
다쳤습니다 dacheotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 다치느냐 dachineunya |
다쳐 dacheo |
다쳐요, 다치어요 dacheoyo, dachieoyo |
다칩니까 dachimnikka |
| Past | 다쳤느냐 dacheonneunya |
다쳤어 dacheosseo |
다쳤어요 dacheosseoyo |
다쳤습니까 dacheotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 다치자 dachija | 다쳐 dacheo | 다쳐요, 다치어요 dacheoyo, dachieoyo | 다치십시다 dachisipsida | |
| Imperative | 다쳐라, 다치어라 dacheora, dachieora | 다쳐 dacheo | 다쳐요, 다치어요 dacheoyo, dachieoyo | 다칩시오 dachipsio | |
| Assertive | 다치겠다 dachigetda | 다치겠어 dachigesseo | 다치겠어요 dachigesseoyo | 다치겠습니다 dachigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 다쳐 dacheo | 다쳐서, 다치어서 dacheoseo, dachieoseo | 다치니 dachini | 다치니까 dachinikka | |
| Contrast | 다치지만 dachijiman | 다치는데 dachineunde | 다치더니 dachideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 다치고 dachigo | ||||
| Condition | 다치면 dachimyeon | 다쳐야, 다치어야 dacheoya, dachieoya | |||
| Motive | 다치려고 dachiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 다침 dachim | 다치기 dachigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 다쳤음, 다치었음 dacheosseum, dachieosseum | 다쳤기, 다치었기 dacheotgi, dachieotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 다친 dachin | |||
| Present | 다치는 dachineun | ||||
| Future | 다칠 dachil | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 다치신다 dachisinda |
다치셔 dachisyeo |
다치세요, 다치셔요 dachiseyo, dachisyeoyo |
다치십니다 dachisimnida |
| Past | 다치셨다 dachisyeotda |
다치셨어 dachisyeosseo |
다치셨어요 dachisyeosseoyo |
다치셨습니다 dachisyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 다치시느냐 dachisineunya |
다치셔 dachisyeo |
다치세요, 다치셔요 dachiseyo, dachisyeoyo |
다치십니까 dachisimnikka |
| Past | 다치셨느냐 dachisyeonneunya |
다치셨어 dachisyeosseo |
다치셨어요 dachisyeosseoyo |
다치셨습니까 dachisyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 다치시라 dachisira | 다치셔 dachisyeo | 다치세요 dachiseyo | 다치십시오 dachisipsio | |
| Assertive | 다치시겠다 dachisigetda | 다치시겠어 dachisigesseo | 다치시겠어요 dachisigesseoyo | 다치시겠습니다 dachisigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 다치셔 dachisyeo | 다치셔서 dachisyeoseo | 다치시니 dachisini | 다치시니까 dachisinikka | |
| Contrast | 다치시지만 dachisijiman | 다치시는데 dachisineunde | 다치시더니 dachisideoni | ||
| Conjunction | 다치시고 dachisigo | ||||
| Condition | 다치시면 dachisimyeon | 다치셔야 dachisyeoya | |||
| Motive | 다치시려고 dachisiryeogo | ||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 다치심 dachisim | 다치시기 dachisigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 다치셨음 dachisyeosseum | 다치셨기 dachisyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 다치신 dachisin | |||
| Present | 다치시는 dachisineun | ||||
| Future | 다치실 dachisil | ||||
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